Managing biological variation in skin background colour along the postharvest chain of ‘Jonagold’ apples |
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| Institution: | 1. Division of Mechatronics, Biostatistics and Sensors (MeBioS), Department of Biosystems (BIOSYST), KU Leuven, W. de Croylaan 42, Bus 2428, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium;2. Flanders Centre of Postharvest Technology, W. de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;1. School of Computer Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang, China;2. School of Computer Science and Information Technology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China;1. Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Via Sommarive, 9, 38123 Povo, TN, Italy;2. Centre Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, Via E. Mach, 1, 38010 S. Michele all''Adige, TN, Italy;3. Department of Agricultural and Food Science, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Campus of Cesena, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, FC, Italy;4. Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi” (DEI), University of Bologna, Campus of Cesena, Via dell’Università, 50, 47522 Cesena, FC, Italy;5. Center for Industrial Research on ICT (CIRI ICT), University of Bologna, Via dell’Università, 50, 47522 Cesena, FC, Italy;1. Department of Mathematics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand;1. Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia;2. Department of Horticultural Engineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB) 14469 Potsdam-Bornim, Germany;3. Physical Chemistry ? innoFSPEC, Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Am Mühlenberg 3, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany;4. Department of Computer and Communication Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia;5. Department of Agricultural and Bioresources Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria;1. Institut für Lasertechnologien in der Medizin und Meßtechnik an der Universität Ulm, Helmholtzstr. 12, D-89081 Ulm, Germany;2. Kompetenzzentrum Obstbau Bodensee, Schuhmacherhof 6, D-88213 Ravensburg, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Skin background colour is an important quality aspect in the grading of ‘Jonagold’ apples, with consumers usually preferring fruit with a green background colour. However, apple handlers are usually faced with large fruit-to-fruit variability of background colour within a population of fruit. In this study, a stochastic modelling approach was used to describe how the initial fruit-to-fruit variability in the background colour of ‘Jonagold’ apples present at harvest, propagates throughout the postharvest chain. Two hundred and twenty ‘Jonagold’ apple fruit were harvested and stored at 1 °C or 4 °C, under different controlled atmosphere (CA) conditions for 6 months, followed by 2 weeks exposure to shelf-life conditions, during which the background colour and ethylene production of the individual fruit were measured. A kinetic model was developed to describe the postharvest loss of skin greenness, by assuming that the loss was principally due to chlorophyll breakdown, the rate of which was dependent on the endogenous ethylene concentration. Stochastic model parameters were identified, and by treating these parameters as fruit-specific, the model could account for more than 95% of the variability of the data. By treating the stochastic model parameters as random factors, the Monte Carlo method was used to model and describe the propagation of the fruit-to-fruit variability of the background colour within a population of fruit. The model developed in this study might allow better management of variability in quality along the postharvest chain, by predicting how the initial fruit-to-fruit variability within a batch of apples will propagate throughout the postharvest chain, as a function of storage and shelf-life conditions. |
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| Keywords: | Kinetic modelling Monte Carlo Ethylene production Fruit quality |
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