NyPa宽叶草抗盐生理特性的初步研究

NyPa宽叶草为盐草属植物,是一种最近从国外引进的具有优良抗性的牧草和草坪兼用型多年生草本植物,填补了国内没有该属耐盐和盐生植物的空白,具有很高的开发潜力。为了了解NyPa宽叶草的抗盐特性,以耐盐牧草高羊茅为对照,对比研究了盐胁迫对NyPa宽叶草和高羊茅叶片的光合作用、光系统II（PSII）光化学效率、叶片的水分特征以及细胞膜透性的影响。结果表明：虽然在正常条件下高羊茅叶片的光合速率、气孔导度明显高于NyPa宽叶草,但是经过外加400 mmol/L的NaCl胁迫后,高羊茅叶片的水势、叶片相对含水量、光合速率、气孔导度、光系统II的实际光化学效率（ФPSII）等急剧下降,细胞膜透性和PSII反应中心关闭程度（1-qP）显著增加;而同样的NaCl胁迫却没有导致NyPa宽叶草这些指标的明显变化。研究结果表明,NyPa宽叶草比高羊茅抗盐性更强,是一种可以用来开发和改良盐碱、滩涂的抗盐牧草。

Preliminary Study on Physiological Characteristics of Salt Resistance in NyPa Broad-leaf Forage

The NyPa Broad-leaf Forage(Distichlis spicata)is a new salt tolerant grass introduced from overseas recently.In order to study the characteristics of salt-resistance,the effects of salt-stress on the rate of photosynthesis,the efficiency of PSII photochemistry,water characteristics and membrane penetrability in leaves of NyPa Broad-leaf Forage were studied compared with a salt-tolerance grass Festuca arundinacea.The results show that,under normal conditions,the rate of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance in leaves of Festuca arundinacea was higher than those in NyPa Broad-leaf Forage.However,after treatment with 400mmol L-1 NaCl,water potential,relative water content,the rate of photosynthesis,stomatal conductance and the actual PSII photochemistry decreased significantly,the membrane penetrability and close of PSII reaction centers(1-qP) increased obviously in leaves of grass Festuca arundinacea.Whereas,no obvious changes of these parameters were observed in NyPa Broad-leaf Forage at the same treatment.The results indicated that the NyPa Broad-leaf Forage is more salt-tolerance than Festuca arundinacea,and it is a good plant to explore and use saline soil.