水稻着粒密度对产量和品质形成的影响

为了探讨不同穗型水稻品种的穗部性状与产量和稻米品质的关系,以辽宁省近年育成的水稻品种(品系)为试材,进行了品种类型间的比较研究.结果表明:根据水稻着粒密度可将试材分为散穗型、半散穗型、半紧穗型和紧穗型4种类型.各类型间稻谷产量差异显著,其中半散穗型和半紧穗型品种产量较高.紧穗型品种的一次枝梗数、二次枝梗数和每穗宅秕粒数都较多,成粒率较低.除了散穗型品种整精米率显著高于半散穗型和半紧穗型品种外,散穗型、半散穗型和半紧穗型间其它品质性状差异不显著,三者品质明显好于紧穗型品种.着粒密度与每穗成粒数、产量呈开口向下的抛物线关系,与碱消值呈显著负相关,与谷草比呈显著正相关;产量与食味值呈显著的正相关.在籽粒灌浆结实期,半散穗型和半紧穗型品种的单叶净光合速率较高,后期生产的干物质较多,谷草比较大.半紧穗型和半散穗型品种产量较高,食味品质较好,选择着粒密度适宜的材料容易育出高产优质品种.

Effect of Spikelet Density on the Grain Yield and Quality Formation in Rice

Using rice varieties recently bred in Liaoning,the panicle characters,yield and quality of different panicle type of rice plants were studied.The results showed that varieties were classified into lax,semi-lax,semi-dense and dense panicle types.Significant difference was found in grain yield.Semi-lax and semi-dense panicle varieties had higher yield.Dense panicle variety had more primary rachis branches,secondary rachis branches and imperfect grains per panicle,and lower percentage of ripened grains.There w...