32种植物提取物的离体抑菌活性测定

用琼胶平板法和悬滴法,测试了32种植物丙酮提取物对小麦赤霉病菌(FusariumgraminerumSchw)、苹果炭疽病菌(Glomerellacingulata(Stonem)Schr.etSpauid)、辣椒疫霉病菌(PhytophthoracapsiciLeon.)、番茄灰霉病菌(BotrytiscinereaPers.)和玉米大斑病菌(ExserohilumturcicumPass.)等5种病原真菌的离体抑制活性。结果表明,在供试质量浓度为干样0.1g/mL时,对2种或2种以上供试菌种菌丝生长的抑制作用达60%以上的植物样品有铁杆蒿(叶)、蒙古蒿(茎叶)、小白酒草(叶)、紫苞风毛菊、牛蒡、太白山蟹甲草和苦参(根)等7种,其中紫苞风毛菊和苦参(根)对4种供试病菌的菌丝生长有明显的抑制作用,蒙古蒿(茎叶)对小麦赤霉病菌和番茄灰霉病菌孢子萌发有较高的抑制活性,值得进一步研究。

Primary study on antifungal activity of 32 plant extracts

The antifungal activity of 32 species of plant aceton extracts were tested in vivo with Botrytis cinerea,Fusarium graminerum,Glomerella cingulata,Phytophthora capsici,Exserohilum turcicum etc in the laboratory.Results showed,in the extracts with concentration of 0.1 g/mL,the extracts of A.gmelinii Web ex Stechm.(leaf),A.mongolica Fisch(stem,leaf),C.canadensis (L.) Cronq (leaf),A.lappa L.(whole),S.iodostegia Hance(whole),C.pilgeriana (whole) and S.flavescens Ait.(stem) had more than 60% antifungal rates to mycelium growth of two or more tested fungi,S.iodostegia Hance (whole) and S.flavescens Ait.(stem) had stronger effects to 4 species of tested fungi,and the extract of A.mongolica Fisch (stem and leaf) has strong inhibition to spore germination of Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium graminerum.