应用RAPD技术分析三种红鲤遗传多样性

利用40个随机引物对产于江西省的荷包鲤，玻璃红鲤和兴国红鲤及野鲤（俗称“江西三红”）进行了RAPD检测及聚类分析。结果表明，25个引物的扩增效果良好，引物S225，S221对4种鲤鱼扩增出的指纹图谱差异显著，存在5个明显的特异性条带，可作为分子标记，三个品种内，以荷包红鲤的遗传距离最小（0.809)；对于品种间，则是玻璃红鲤与兴国经鲤较为相似（0．745）；“江西三红”之间的遗传差异较小，根据聚类分析可右兴国红鲤与玻璃红鲤之间的亲缘关系最近，荷包红鲤次之。

Application of RAPD technology to analyze the genetic diversity of three breeds of red carp

The three breeds of red carp in Jiangxi Province, namely Cyprinus carpio var. wuyuanensis in Wuyuan County, Cyprinus carpio var. xingguonensis in Xinguo County, and Cyprinus carpio var. wananensis in Wanan County are important cultivation breeds in China. In this paper, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used for molecular biology analysis of genetic diversity among these three red carps for the first time. Forty random primers were used for the analysis of nuclear DNA polymorphism of the three breeds of red carp in Jiangxi Province and wild carp. A clustering analysis was made based on RAPD results with UPGMA and NJ methods in PHYLIP software package (version 3.5) and the phylogenetic trees were constructed. The results show that the intra-breed genetic similarity of Cyprinus carpio var. wuyuanensis is the highest (0.809) and the heterozygosity is the lowest, while the genetic similarity between Cyprinus carpio var. xingguonensis and Cyprinus carpio var. wananensis is the highest (0.745 ), indictating their genetic relationship is closer.