基于细胞色素b基因的大河乌猪群体遗传结构研究

为了弄清大河乌猪群体遗传分化水平和遗传结构,以曲靖市5个地理种群的46个大河乌猪样品为试验材料,采用分子生物学方法测定和分析所有个体的线粒体细胞色素b(Cyt b)基因DNA序列。分子变异分析结果表明,大河乌猪群体遗传变异主要来自种群内(62.63％),说明该物种群体遗传结构不明显。中性检验结果进一步证实,大河乌猪群体曾发生过种群数量扩张。这种不显著的种群结构主要来自于大规模的引种和扩大繁育,致使各地理种群间的遗传趋同和遗传一致性。研究结果有望为大河乌猪分子遗传选育工作提供重要的基础数据,并为其遗传种质资源的保护提供重要参考。

Study on Genetic Structure of Dahe Black Pig Based on DNA Sequence Analyses of Cytochrome b Gene

For revealing the level of genetic divergence and genetic structure of Dahe Black pig, this research was implemented using molecular biological methods that sequenced and analyzed the Cyt b DNA sequences based on 46 samples from 5 geographic populations of Qujing city. The AMOVA results showed that most of genetic variation (62.63%) distributed within populations. This could indicate fully that the whole population genetic structure of this species was not evident because of significant gene flow among different populations. The results of neutrality tests further validated that the instable population structure of this whole group could be affected by the population expansion from the artificial selective breeding and introduction breeding. This instable population structure or lower genetic differentiation could be induced by the large-scale introduction and expanding breeding. The significant gene flow induced the genetic convergence in various geographical populations eventually, population expanding and population genetic diversity declined significantly. This study was expected to provide important scientific basis and data for the molecular genetic breeding of Dahe Black pig and for the manager’s effective measures to protect the genetic resources of Dahe Black pig.