苦瓜枯萎病抗性鉴定与抗性遗传规律研究

 以4 份田间抗性水平不同的苦瓜为材料，探讨了适用于苦瓜苗期人工接种枯萎病菌的抗性鉴定方法；以此为基础，对来自国内外的43 份苦瓜种质资源进行了抗源筛选，以其中的抗病亲本‘0417’和感病亲本‘472113’为材料，研究了苦瓜对枯萎病抗性的遗传规律。结果表明，直接水培接种法是较适合于苦瓜苗期枯萎病抗性鉴定的方法，适宜的接种菌液孢子浓度为4 × 106 · mL-1。在苦瓜种质资源中，枯萎病抗源普遍存在，尤以野生种或半栽培种抗病性较强。苦瓜枯萎病抗性受单一显性核基因控制，其广义遗传力为90.78%。

Studies on the Identification Technology and Inheritance of Disease Resistance to Fusarium Wilt in Bitter Gourd

The identification technology of resistance to Fusarium wilt in Momordica charantia wasinvestigated with inbred lines presenting different degree of field resistance. Then a total of 43 Momordicacharantia varieties（or inbred lines）from home and abroad were evaluated for resistance to Fusarium wilt.Furthermore，a highly susceptible inbred line‘472113’and a highly resistant inbred line‘0417’were usedto study the inheritance of resistance to Fusarium wilt in Momordica charantia. The results indicated thatdirect hydroponic inoculation with concentration of 4 × 106 spores per milliliter was most suitable forresistance identification. And the existence of resistant resource is prevalent among the Momordicacharantia germplasm resources. The broad-sense heritability of Momordica charantia resistance toFusarium wilt is 90.78%. The resistance is controlled by single dominant nuclear gene without affectingby cytoplasm.