甘蓝型油菜-埃塞俄比亚芥种间杂交非整倍体后代的遗传

非整倍体Nj04-089为甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus L.)与埃塞俄比亚芥(B. carinata A. Br.)种间杂交后代中获得的附加系。为分析Nj04-089的遗传特性，利用显微镜对Nj04-089自交后代的根尖细胞染色体进行计数、对花粉母细胞染色体分裂行为进行观察，并采用PCR、GISH和Southern杂交等技术对Nj04-089的2个连续自交后代的附加染色体进行了遗传分析。结果显示：这两个连续自交世代根尖细胞染色体数2n=37～51条；花粉母细胞减数分裂的中期染色体构型分别为(0-4)Ⅰ+ (16-23)Ⅱ+ (0-2)Ⅲ 和 (0-8)Ⅰ+ (14-24)Ⅱ+ (0-4)Ⅲ + (0-1)Ⅳ，且观察到染色体桥、染色体落后、分裂周期不同步等异常行为。PCR、GISH和Southern杂交结果表明在该非整倍体后代中未检测到芸薹属B组染色体或大的片段，推测非整倍体附加的染色体并非整条或大片段B组染色体。  

Inheritance of additional chromosomes in progenies of an aneuploidy derived from Brassica napus and B. carinata

 Aneuploidy Nj04-089 was an addition line derived from inter-specific cross of Brassica napus × B. carinata. To analyze the inheritance of the aneuploidy, chromosome of root-tip cell from two Nj04-089 consecutive-selfing generations were observed. Moreover, microscope and chromosome behaviors of pollen mother cells at meiosis were detected by PCR，Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and Southern blot. Results showed that two generations had chromosome numbers of 2n=37～51 in root-tip cells. The chromosome configurations of pollen mother cell at metaphaseⅠwere (0-4)Ⅰ+ (16-23)Ⅱ+ (0-2)Ⅲ and (0-8)Ⅰ+ (14-24)Ⅱ+ (0-4)Ⅲ+ (0-1)Ⅳ respectively. Abnormal behavior of chromosome pairing was detected including chromosome-bridge, chromosomes lagging, and chromosome unequal distribution. PCR，GISH, and Southern blot results showed that the aneuploidy had no genetic information on B genome. It could be concluded that the additional chromosomes were not from entire or large fragment of Brassica B genome.