转双价基因棉花对根际土壤酶活性和养分含量的影响

在田间试验条件下,以3种转双价基因棉和常规棉石远321为研究对象,比较分析转双价基因棉和常规棉石远321根际土壤酶活性及养分的变化。结果表明,转双价Cry1Ac+CpTI基因棉sGK321与石远321根际土壤速效磷和铵态氮含量无显著差异,而硝态氮含量则显著高于石远321;转双价Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab基因棉(双Bt抗虫棉)速效磷和铵态氮含量均显著低于石远321,而硝态氮含量与石远321无显著差异;转双价Cry1Ac+Epsps基因棉(抗虫抗除草剂棉)速效磷和硝态氮含量均显著高于石远321,而铵态氮含量显著低于石远321。sGK321棉与石远321根际土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性均无显著差异;双Bt抗虫棉土壤脲酶活性显著低于石远321,碱性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性与石远321均无显著差异;抗虫抗除草剂棉与石远321土壤脲酶活性无显著差异,碱性磷酸酶活性显著高于石远321,而过氧化氢酶活性显著低于石远321。表明sGK321棉与石远321根际土壤养分(硝态氮除外)含量和酶活性无显著差异,而双Bt抗虫棉和抗虫抗除草剂棉所呈现的差异是因不同品种所致。

Effects of Transgenic Double Gene Cotton on the Enzyme Activity and Nutrient Content in the Rhizosphere Soil

Through field experiment, the enzyme activity and nutrient content in the rhizosphere soil of transgenic cotton sGK321(Cry1Ac+CPTI), transgenic cotton with double insect-resistant genes(Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab), transgenic cotton with insect-resistant and herbicide-resistant genes(Cry1Ac+Epsps) and non-transgenic cotton were analyzed. The results showed that the available phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen in the rhizosphere soil had no significant difference between transgenic cotton sGK321 and non-transgenic cotton, while the nitrate nitrogen significantly higher than non-transgenic cotton. The available phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen of transgenic cotton with double insect-resistant genes were both significantly lower than non-transgenic cotton while the nitrate nitrogen showed no difference. The available phosphorus and nitrate nitrogen of transgenic cotton with insect-resistant and herbicide-resistant genes were both significantly higher than non-transgenic cotton, but nitrate nitrogen was significantly lower than non-transgenic cotton. The urease, alkaline phosphatase and catalase activities in the rhizosphere soil showed no significant difference between transgenic cotton sGK321 and non-transgenic cotton. Except that the urease was significantly lower than non-transgenic cotton, the alkaline phosphatase and catalase activities of the transgenic cotton with double insect-resistant genes showed no difference. For the transgenic cotton with insect-resistant and herbicide-resistant genes, the urease showed no significant difference compared with non-transgenic cotton, with the alkaline phosphatase significantly higher and the catalase activities significantly lower than non-transgenic cotton. The soil nutrient content(except nitrate nitrogen) and soil enzyme activity in the rhizosphere soil of transgenic double gene cotton sGK321 and non-transgenic cotton had no significant difference, but difference among transgenic cotton with double insect-resistant genes and transgenic cotton with insect-resistant and herbicide-resistant genes were mainly influenced by the cotton varieties.