林菌套作高产高效栽培技术探讨

灰树花又名栗蘑,是一种独特珍贵的食、药两用菌。根据灰树花子实体发育的特点,通过栽培实践,研究出一套适合北京市密云县地区灰树花与板栗树套作立体栽培模式,不仅提高土地利用率,而且实现了板栗与灰树花相生互补,使板栗667m2增产20%,使灰树花的生物转化率提高到89%,结实率达90%以上,667m2产量达4000kg,667m2效益可达2万元。同时,本文从品种筛选、栽培季节选择、栽培管理等方面介绍了灰树花高产栽培技术,以便指导菌农生产,提高经济效益,增加菇农收入。

Discussion on Highly Productive and Effective Intercropping Techniques of Forest and Edible Fungi

Grifola frondosa,which is also called chestnut mushroom, is a very precious mushroom with edible function and medical function. Trough the cultivation practices, a set of three dimensional intercropping mode of Grifola frondosa and chestnut is developed, according to the traits of fruiting body development. The mode which is very suitable in Miyun area not only can improve the soil utilization efficiency, but also can realize the interpromoting relation between Grifola frondosa and chestnut. The yield of chestnut is improved by 20%; the biological converting rate of Grifola frondosa is increased to 89%; the yield of Grifola frondosa is up to 90%, which is 4 000 kg per mu and worth 20 000 Yuan. Meanwhile, Grifola frondosa highly productive cultivation techniques are presented through variety selection, cultivation season selection and cultivation practices. The presentation of these cultivation techniques acts as guidance for the farmers and aims at improving the farms’ imcome.