拮抗菌FJ1防治梨黑星病的研究

目的]筛选对梨黑星病病原茵具有一定拮抗能力的菌株以及适合农业生产的喷雾防治方法和喷洒浓度.方法]采用平板对峙法对从梨根际土壤、牦牛粪、蚯蚓粪等样品中分离纯化得到的多株细菌进行初筛和复筛,并对抑菌效果较好的菌株进行了大田防治试验.结果]初筛和复筛结果显示,FJ1是所有菌株发酵液中对梨黑星病病原茵抑制效果最强的菌株,抑菌率为65.3％.大田试验表明,喷雾防治较灌根防治更能有效提高砀山酥梨果实健康率.结论]稀释的FJ1发酵液能够维持较好防效,节省防治成本,可望用于开发绿色、高效、安全的梨黑星病生物防治新型微生物杀菌剂.

Control of Antagonistic Bacteria FJ1 on Pear Scab

Objective] The aim was to screen out strains which have certain antagonistic effect to pear scab and suitable spraying method and concentration for agriculture production.Method] Many bacteria strains objected from rhizosphere soil of pear,yaks' fecal and wormcast were screened in plate,and the strains with good antibacterial effect were made field controlling experiment.Result] Results of primary screening and secondary screening showed that strain FJ1 fermentation broth had the strongest inhibitory effect on Venturia nashicola,with inhibitory rate of 65.3%.Field test results show that spraying control had higher rate of healthy fruit of Dangshan pear than root-irrigation control.Conclusion] The diluted FJ1 fermentation broth could maintain good control effect and save cost,so it could be used in exploring green,efficient and safe new microbial fungicides to control pear scab.