氮磷钾硼对甘蓝型黄籽油菜产量和品质的影响

采用四元二次回归正交旋转组合设计,以氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)、硼(B)肥为主要探讨因子进行田间试验,建立N、P、K、B4因素与黄籽油菜籽粒产量、含油量、产油量以及蛋白质含量的施肥模型。对模型解析发现,在供试条件下N、P、K、B单因子对产量和产油量的影响均是X1(N)>X2(P2O5)>X4(B)>X3(K2O),对含油量的影响是X1(N)>X4(B)>X2(P2O5)>X3(K2O),对蛋白质的影响为X1(N)>X4(B)>X3(K2O)>X2(P2O5)。施肥模型寻优结果表明施N163.7～179.2kghm-2、P2O585.0～95.0kghm-2、K2O100.7～124.3kghm-2、B6.7～8.3kghm-2,可使黄籽油菜产油量达到1000kghm-2,饼粕蛋白质含量达40%以上;饼粕蛋白质含量大于45%时,各养分因子的取值区域分别是施N236.6～255.4kghm-2、P2O580.3～99.7kghm-2、KO103.2～126.8kghm-2、B8.9～10.3kghm-2。

EFFECT OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, POTASSIUM AND BORON ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF YELLOW-SEEDED RAPESEED

An orthogonal quadratic regression rotation combinatorial design with 4 factors, i.e.nitrogen(N), phosphor (P), potassium(K), and boron(B), was adopted in field experiments.Fert ilization models were built up and analysed for yield, oil content, oil yield and protein of yellow-seeded rape.The single factor effect analysis shows that in terms of effect of fertilization on seed yield and oil yield, the four single factor fertilizers were in the order of X₁(N)>X₂(P₂O₅)>X₄(B)>X₃(K₂O); while in terms of effect on oil content and protein, they were in the order of X₁ (N) > X₄ (B) > X₂ (P₂O₅)>X₃(K₂O) and X₁ (N)>X₄(B)>X₃(K₂O)>X₂(P₂O₅), respectively.Based on the fert ilization models for oil yield and protein, in order to get an oil yield higher than 1 000 kg hm^-2 and a protein content higher than 40% in the rapeseed cakes, the optimum fertilization rate should be recommended as N 163.7~179.2 kg, P₂O₅ 85.0~95.0 kg, K₂O 100.7~124.3 kg and B 6.7~8.3 kg per hm²; and to get a protein content higher than 45%, the fertilization rate as N 236.6~255.4 kg, P₂O₅ 80.3~ 99.7 kg, K₂O 103.2~126.8 kg, and B 8.9~ 10.3 kg per hm².