普通小麦与某些杂草黑麦和野生黑麦的可杂交性研究

1982～1984年间,用与栽培黑麦杂交难易程度不同的五个普通小麦品种(系)和三个品种间杂种F_1作母本,以栽培黑麦作父本对照,研究了普通小麦与Secale ancestrale、S.dighoricum、S.segetale,S.anatolicum、S.dal-maticum、S.fragile、S.kuprijanovii和S.montanum的可杂交性。结果表明普通小麦与上述各黑整种的可杂交性同普通小麦与栽培黑麦的情况基本相似。对与栽培黑麦易于杂交和极难杂交的小麦品种,上述各黑麦种的反应是一致的;但对中间类型的品种和亲本一方为易杂交品种的品种间杂种F_1,S.ancestrale和S.fragile的杂交率则显著高于栽培黑麦和大多数其他黑麦种。

THE CROSSABILITHES OF COMMON WHEAT WITH SOME WEEDY AND WILD RyES

During 1982-1984, five common wheat varieties having different crossability levels with cultivated rye and three intervarietal Fi hybrids were used as female parents, and a cultivated rye as the check of male parents. The crossabilities of common wheat with Secale ancestrale, S. dighoricum, S. segetale, S. anatolicum, S. dalmaticum, S.fragile, S. kuprijauovii and S. montanum have been studied. The results showed that crossabilities of common wheat with various Secale species mentioned above were similar to those of common wheat with cultivated rye. For the wheat varieties readily and poorly crossable with cultivated rye, the various Secale species displayed the same tendency, while for the wheat varieties with intermediate crossability and F_1 hybrids in which one of the parents is readily crossable, the crossabilities of S, ancestrale and S. fragile on wheat were significantly higher than those of cultivated rye and the majority of other Secale species.