蓖麻(Ricinus communist L.)对锰矿区土壤中重金属累积特性的研究

为探讨蓖麻(Ricinus communist L.)对锰矿区土壤生态修复及能源化利用潜力,将不同品种蓖麻湘蓖1号和淄蓖7号播种在锰尾矿库土壤上,进入生殖生长阶段时采收全株,测定栽植土壤及植株根、茎、叶中5种重金属元素含量。结果显示:土壤中Mn平均含量最高达7 884.96 mg·kg^-1,超过国家规定的土壤环境质量Ⅱ级标准6.5倍;湘蓖1号不同器官的Mn浓度从高至低为根>叶>茎,淄蓖7号不同器官Mn含量叶>茎>根,其叶中Mn平均浓度最高为765.43 mg·kg^-1,较湘蓖1号叶中的平均含量高出79.53%,Pb、Cu、Cr含量及叶/根比值均大于湘蓖1号;植株体内重金属含量与土壤中重金属浓度的相关分析表明,重金属的积累量和转移量,受到土壤中几种重金属元素的共同影响。结果说明:2个品种的蓖麻均可以作为锰矿区能源化修复利用,对重金属的吸收和转运在品种间存在差异,淄蓖7号地上部分对重金属的迁移能力强于湘蓖1号。

Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Ricinus communis L. from Mn Contaminated Area

Xiangbi No. 1 and Zibi No. 7 were planted in the Mn contaminated soils to explore its potential of ecological remediation and ener-gy utilization in the areas of Mn contaminated site. The major nutrient elements and the concentrations of heavy metals(Mn, Pb, Zn, Cu and Cr) in different parts(root, branch and leaf) and topsoil samples were detected after entering into the period of reproductive growth.The results showed that the average content of Mn was as high as 7 884.96 mg·kg^-1,which exceeded 6.5 times of national soil environmental quality standard(level 2).The mean level of Mn in tissues of Xiangbi No. 1 was found to be in the sequence of root>leaf>branch,whereas,the mean level of Mn in different parts of Zibi No. 7 was found to be in the order of leaf>fruit>branchroot respectively. The average concentration of Mn in the leaf reached the peak value(765.43 mg·kg^-1),which was higher than Xiangbi No.1 about 79.53%.The leaf/root ratios of Pb, Cu, Cr contents in Zibi No. 7 were higher than those of Xiangbi No. 1 samples.The accumulation and translocation in plants was affect-ed by different heavy metal elements in soils.The results demonstrated that Zibi No. 7 had a better uptake and translocation capacity of Mn,Pb,Cu and Cr, meanwhile,plants of two species had differences in accumulation and translocation ability and were proved to possess good Mn-tolerance ability for remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils.