半干旱区不同整地方式与灌草配置对土壤水分的影响

 采用工程与生物措施相结合的方法,在黄土丘陵半干旱区进行柠条灌木林的建设与土壤水分过耗及调控恢复的定位试验研究。结果表明:生物调控最佳立体配置模式水平阶整地为柠条-披碱草、柠条-草木樨、柠条-芨芨草类型;水平沟整地为柠条-芨芨草、柠条-草木樨类型;鱼鳞坑整地为柠条-草木樨、柠条-芨芨草、柠条-本氏针茅类型。水平阶整地0～500cm土层的土壤含水量比对照提高1.6％～5.0％;水平沟整地提高1.5％～3.0％;鱼鳞坑整地提高1.1％～2.7％。工程整地栽植5年、10年、15年的柠条灌木林0～500cm土层的土壤储水量年生长初期分别比对照提高了82.84mm、56.63mm、210.66mm,年生长终期增加了15.96mm、67.64mm。50.36mm。灌、草生物量分别比对照提高97.09％～104.9％和320％～650％。

Effects on Soil Moisture by Different Soil Preparation Methods and Shrub-grass Patterns in Semi-arid Area

Construction of Caragana korshinskii vegetation and studies on the excessive depletion and regulative recovery were performed with the conjunction of engineering and biotic measures. The results showed that the optimum stereoscopic collocation model with the level-step was Caragana korshinskii-Clinelymas dahuricus , Caragana korshinskii-Mililotus suaveolens and Caragana korshinskii-Achnatherum splendent, the optimum one by level-gouge was Caragana korshinskii-Achnatherum splendens and Caragana korshinskii-Mililotus suaveolens and the optimum one by fish-scale pits was Caragana korshinskii-Mililotus suaveolens, Caragana korshinskii-Achnatherum splendens and Caragana korshinskii-Stipa bungeana. Compared as CK the measure could enhance soil water content of 0 - 500 cml .6% -5.0% by level-step, 1.5% - 3.0% by gouge and 1.1% - 2.7% by fish-scale. At the initial growth stage of 5th, 10th, 15th year, soil water-storage capacity of 0 - 500 cm enhanced 82.84 mm, 56.63 mm, 210.66 mm respectively compared to CK, while in the final stage, enhanced 15.96 mm, 67.64 mm, 50.36 mm respectively. The biomass of shrubs and grass was increased for 97.09% - 104.9% and 3.2-6.5 times.