五台山蓝花棘豆群落优势种群生态位研究

采用Shannon-Wiener和Levins指数以及Petraitis特定重叠指数对五台山蓝花棘豆群落的18个优势种群的生态位宽度和生态位重叠进行了研究。结果表明,蓝花棘豆和小江菊的生态位最宽,这是由于它们对环境的广泛适应性。建群种如蓝花棘豆、地榆和披针苔草之间重叠值最大,且它们与其他15个种群的特定重叠值远小于15个种群与它们的特定重叠值。生态位宽度相似的物种之间特定重叠值较大,如蓝花棘豆与地榆;生态学特性相似的物种之间的特定重叠值较大,如细叶鸢尾与石竹。有8个种对之间存在完全特定重叠。18个优势种群之间不存在完全普遍重叠,这主要与它们对水分和光照的适应性不同有关。

Niche characteristics of dominant species from Oxytropis coerulea communities in mount Wutai, Shanxi

The niche breadth and niche overlap of 18 dominant species in O.coerulea communities in mount Wutai were studied by using Levins and Shannon-Wiener's indexes and Petraitis's methods.The results showed that the niche breadth of O.coerulea and Dendranthema chanetii were bigger than other species because the two species had more extensive adaptation to the environment.The specific niche overlap between O.coerulea and Sanguisorba officinalis was the biggest.The specific overlap of O.coerulea and S.officinalis,Carex lanceolata on other 15 species were much less than that of the others on these three edificators.The species with same or similar niche breadth had greater specific overlap.The species whose ecological characteristics were similar also had greater specific overlap,such as Iris tenuifolia and Pianthus chinensis.Eight paired-species had absolutely specific niche overlap.There was not absolutely general overlap among all species in the communities.This mainly resulted from the differences in ecological demands among these species such as requirements for moisture and light.