叶面喷施蚯蚓氨基酸肥对黄瓜品质的影响

[目的]分析叶面喷施蚯蚓氨基酸液肥对黄瓜品质的影响,为蚯蚓氨基酸肥在蔬菜上推广应用提供参考依据.[方法]设H1(喷施0.3%KH2PO4)、H2(喷施蚯蚓氨基酸800倍液+0.3%KH2PO4)、H3(喷施蚯蚓氨基酸500倍液+0.3%KH2PO4)、H4(喷施蚯蚓氨基酸300倍液+0.3%KH2PO4)、H5(喷施蚯蚓氨基酸800倍液)、H6(喷施蚯蚓氨基酸500倍液)、H7(喷施蚯蚓氨基酸300倍液)及清水对照(CK)处理,在黄瓜挂果期进行叶面喷施,采收时测定各处理黄瓜果实的维生素C(Vc)、蛋白质、可溶性还原糖、有机酸、硝酸盐含量及糖酸比.[结果]与CK相比,采收时H2、H3和H6处理黄瓜的Vc含量分别显著增加40.0%、53.5%和38.0%(P<0.05,下同);H2、H3、H4、H6和H7处理的硝酸盐含量显著降低55.2%、85.3%、67.5%、31.6%和49.6%;H3处理的蛋白质含量显著增加31.2%;各施肥处理的可溶性还原糖含量均降低,其中H4、H5和H6处理显著低于CK;H2和H3处理的有机酸含量分别显著降低14.2%和22.8%,H5、H6和H7处理分别显著降低39.1%、44.8%和36.8%;分别与H5、H6和H7处理相比,H2、H3和H4处理黄瓜的Vc含量增加,糖酸比降低,有机酸含量较高且差异显著,硝酸盐含量显著降低60.8%、78.5%和35.5%.[结论]在黄瓜挂果期喷施适当浓度的蚯蚓氨基酸液肥有利于整体提升黄瓜果实品质,其中喷施蚯蚓氨基酸500倍+0.3%KH2PO4混合液的效果最佳.

Effects of foliage spray of earthworm amino acid liquid fertilizer on cucumber quality

[Objective]Effects of foliage spraying earthworm amino acid liquid fertilizer on cucumber quality were ana-lyzed in order to provide reference for application of earthworm amino acid liquid fertilizer in vegetable planting. [Method]H1(foliage spraying 0.3% KH2PO4), H2(foliage spraying earthworm amino acid liquid fertilizer 800 times dilution+0.3%KH2PO4),H3(foliage spraying earthworm amino acid liquid fertilizer 500 times dilution+0.3% KH 2PO4),H4 (foliage spraying earthworm amino acid liquid fertilizer 300 times dilution+0.3% KH2PO4 ) ,H5 (foliage spraying earthworm amino acid liquid fertilizer 800 times dilution),H6(foliage spraying earthworm amino acid liquid fertilizer 500 times dilu-tion),H7(foliage spraying earthworm amino acid liquid fertilizer 300 times dilution), and control with clear water(CK) were set. Cucumber seedlings at fruiting period were treated by the eight treatments. Vitamin C (Vc), protein, soluble re-ducing sugar, organic acid, nitrate contents and sugar-acid ratio of cucumbers were detected after harvest. [Result]Compared with CK,H2,H3 and H4 significantly increased Vc content in cucumber by 40.0%, 53.5% and 38.0%(P<0.05, the same below),H2, H3, H4, H6 and H7 significantly decreased nitrate content by 55.2%,85.3%, 67.5%, 31.6% and 49.6% respectively. H3 significantly increased protein content by 31.2%. Soluble reducing sugar content significantly declined in all fertilization treatments, and those in H4, H5 and H6 were significantly lower than that in CK. H2 and H3 significantly reduced organic acid content by 14.2% and 22.8% , and H5, H6 and H7 significantly decreased organic acid content by 39.1%, 44.8% and 36.8%. Compared with H5, H6 and H7 respectively, H2, H3 and H4 increased Vc content,lowered sugar-acid ratio, and organic acid contents were significantly higher, significantly reduced nitrate contents were significantly decreased by 60.8%,78.5% and 35.5% respectively. Soluble reducing sugar contents in H2 and H3 were sig-nificantly increased. [Conclusion]Spraying earthworm amino acid liquid fertilizer with proper concentration on cucumber during fruiting period can improve the overall cucumber quality, and earthworm amino acid liquid fertilizer 500 times dilu-tion+0.3% KH2PO4 has the optimal effects.