籼型两用核不育水稻育性转换过程中氧代谢的变化

 以籼型两用核不育水稻GD1S 和N19S 及常规水稻粳籼89为材料, 研究了自然条件下不同光温引起两用稻育性转换时活性氧清除系统的变化。实验结果表明: 3月上旬播种在长日高温下发育的两用稻出现败育, 各生育期的剑叶、幼穗，完熟期的颖花和花药中AsA(抗坏血酸)和GzSH(谷胱甘肽)含量均低于同期播种的粳籼89。在7月中旬播种生长发育期遇短日低温的两用稻呈可育态, 这时AsA、GSH含量明显高于粳籼89。抗氧化酶活性在可育状态的两用稻中其活性也均高于同期播种的粳籼89。在两种光温条件下发育的两用稻在各生育期的剑叶中POD(过氧化物酶)活性均高于同期播种的粳籼89, 只是短日低温下发育的两用稻与粳籼89之间POD活性之差更显著。长日高温引起籼型光温敏核不育系水稻的败育与剑叶和幼穗中活性氧清除能力的下降、活性氧产生与清除之间的失衡导致氧代谢的失调有一定的关系。

Change of Oxygen Metabolism in Indica Type Dual-Purpose Genie Male Sterile Rice during Fertility Conversion

The indica type dual--purpose genie male sterile rice GDIS and N19S and the conventional rice cultivar Jingxian89 were used as experimental materials. Both GD1S and N19S sown under longday and high temperature conditions on the 1 -10 March were all sterile. In this time, contents of GSH (glutathione) and AsA (ascorbate) in flag leaves and panicles in various developmental stages or spikelet and anther at pollen ripening stage were all lower than those in Jingxian 89. GDIS andN19S sown under shortday and low temperature conditions on the 11 -- 20 July were fertile. In this time, the contents of GSHand AsA in various developmental stages were all higher than those in Jingxian 89. Activities of GR(glutathione reductase),AsA--POD(peroxidase) and SOD(superoxide dismutase) in the dual--purpose genie male sterile line during fertile stages werealso higher than those in Jingxian 89. POD activity in flag leaves in various developmental stages under two kinds of photoperiod and temperature were all higher than those in Jingxian 89, the POD activity were higher in fertile stage especially. Decreasing in active oxygen scavenging capacity may lead to imbalance of forming and scavenging of active oxygen and dysfunction of active oxygen metabolism. It is suggested that the abortion of the dual--purpose genie male sterile rice is associated withdecreasing in active oxygen scavenging capacity in cell.