滨海湿地中多溴联苯醚的污染特征及生态风险评价研究进展

滨海湿地中多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)污染及其对滨海湿地的影响受到越来越多的关注，但对其污染特征和生态风险等仍有许多问题未厘清。从滨海湿地中PBDEs的种类和浓度、PBDEs在沉积物中的分布特征、PBDEs分布与沉积物理化因子的关系、PBDEs生态风险评价等相关研究进展进行了系统梳理，分析了滨海湿地沉积物和生物体内中PBDEs种类和浓度，讨论了PBDEs在滨海湿地中的水平与垂向分布规律，探讨了滨海湿地沉积物理化因子对PBDEs分布的影响，归纳了滨海湿地中PBDEs的生态风险评价方法。今后需进一步明确滨海湿地沉积物和生物体内的PBDEs同系物及富集浓度，加强滨海城市排污口附近区域的PBDEs归驱研究，解析滨海湿地沉积物理化因子(如铁、硫、氮等元素)与PBDEs的关系，加强PBDEs生态风险阈值和评价方法研究，为滨海湿地污染控制和评价提供技术支撑。

Research Progress on Pollution Characteristics and Ecological Risk Assessment of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Coastal Wetland

More and more attention has been paid to the pollution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in coastal wetlands and its impact on coastal wetlands. Nevertheless, there are still many problems to be clarified about their pollution characteristics and ecological risks. This study systematically reviewed the relevant research progress on the species and concentration of PBDEs in coastal wetlands, the distribution characteristics of PBDEs in sediments, the relationship between PBDEs distribution and sediment physicochemical factors, and the ecological risk assessment of PBDEs. The species and concentrations of PBDEs in coastal wetland sediments and organisms were analyzed. The horizontal and vertical distribution characteristics of PBDEs in coastal wetlands were discussed. The impact of sediment physicochemical factors on PBDEs distribution in coastal wetlands was discussed. The ecological risk assessment methods of PBDEs in coastal wetlands were summarized. In the future, it is necessary to further clarify the homologues and enrichment concentrations of PBDEs in coastal wetland sediments and organisms, strengthen the research on PBDEs fate and displacement in the area near the sewage outfall of coastal cities, analyze the relationship between physical and chemical factors (such as iron, sulfur, nitrogen and other elements) of coastal wetland deposition and PBDEs, strengthen the research on ecological risk thresholds and evaluation methods of PBDEs, and provide technical support for pollution control and evaluation of coastal wetlands. In the future, it is necessary to further clarify the homologues and enrichment concentrations of PBDEs in coastal wetland sediments and organisms, strengthen the investigation on PBDEs fate in the area near the sewage outfall of coastal cities, analyze the relationship between physical and chemical factors (such as iron, sulfur, nitrogen and other elements) of coastal wetland sediment and PBDEs, strengthen the investigation on ecological risk thresholds and evaluation methods of PBDEs, which will provide technical support for pollution control and evaluation of coastal wetlands.