遮阴条件下小麦穗粒数形成及产量构成因素分析

【目的】阐明遮阴对小麦穗粒数形成及产量构成因素的影响,以便在果粮间作模式下采取相应的栽培管理措施。【方法】在人工遮阴和不同果麦间作模式下(枣麦、杏麦和核麦间作),研究遮阴对小麦穗粒数形成、产量及其构成因素的影响。【结果】遮阴明显降低了小麦的可孕小花数、生物量、穗粒数、穗粒重和公顷穗数等产量的主要构成因素,最终导致产量降低。【结论】遮阴后小麦穗粒数的改良应更多地关注小花的分化、发育、退化和结实过程,产量的提高应更多地关注植株的生长发育、公顷穗数和籽粒灌浆过程。

The Formation of Kernel Number Per Spike and Analysis of Yield Components of Wheat under Shade Condition

【Objective】The purpose of this project was to clarify shade condition's effect on the formation of kernel number per spike and analyze yield components of wheat under shade condition so as to take an effective growth measurement on fruit tree-crop intercropping models(Jujube-wheat,Apricot-wheat and Walnut-wheat intercropping).【Method】In the present paper,the effects of shading on kernel number per spike were studied and analysis of yield components of wheat under the artificial shade condition was carried out.【Result】The results showed that,under the artificial shade condition,the fertile florets,plant weight, grains per spike,grains weight per spike,spike number per hectare and yield were obviously reduced in the course of the wheat growth period.【Conclusion】The results indicated that improving the kernel number per spike should be focused on the differentiation,growth and development,degeneration and grain courses of florets.Improving the yield should be focused on the growth and development,spike number per hectare and grain-filling characteristic courses of plants.