铁皮石斛专用叶面肥施用效果研究

目的]为铁皮石斛的产业化发展提供技术依据。方法]以铁皮石斛组培苗为试验材料,移栽后15 d开始对其喷施专用叶面肥（N∶P2O5∶K2O=25∶13∶13,N、P、K总含量51%,B、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Mo总含量1%）,每隔7 d喷施1次,共喷5次,以喷清水为对照,研究叶面肥对铁皮石斛单株鲜重、茎多糖含量、叶面积及叶绿素含量的影响。结果]喷施叶面肥可促进铁皮石斛茎叶伸长生长,茎节、直径加长加粗,平均单株鲜重（6.6 g）明显高于对照（4.45 g）,但多糖含量（167.45 mg/g）较对照（172.4 mg/g）略低;喷施叶面肥后,铁皮石斛平均叶面积和叶绿素含量分别较对照增加2.35 cm^2和1.25 mg/g。结论]长期喷施专用叶面肥可促进铁皮石斛茎叶伸长生长、提高其茎叶比和产量、增加叶面积。

Application Effect of Special Foliage Fertilizer on Dendrobium candidum Wall.ex Lindl.

Objective] The study was to provide the technical basis for industrialization development of Dendrobium candidum Wall.ex Lindl..Method] With tissue culture seedlings of D.candidum as the materials,after 15 d transplanting,they were sprayed with special foliage fertilizer(N∶P2O5∶K2O=25∶13∶13,the total amount of N,P and K was 51%,and that of B,Fe,Zn,Cu,Mn and Mo was 1%),total 5 times of once every 7 d,and with the treatment spraying clear as CK.The effets of special foliage fertilizer on single plant fresh weight,stem polysaccharide content,leaf area and chlorophyll content of D.candidum were studied.Result] Spraying foliar fertilizer could promote the elongation growth of stem-leaf of D.candidum,and in the treatment of spraying foliar fertilizer,the stem node and diameter of D.candidum lengthening and overstriking,and the average single plant fresh weight(6.6 g) was obviously higher than that of CK(4.45 g),but polysaccharide content(167.45 mg/g) was a little lower than that of CK(172.4 mg/g).After spraying foliar fertilizer,the average leaf area and chlorophyll content of D.candidum were 2.35 cm2 and 1.25 mg/g higher than that of CK resp..Conclusion] Spraying special foliage fertilizer long time could promote stem-leaf elongation growth of D.candidum,and increase its stem-leaf ratio,yield and leaf area.