海峡两岸水产品兽药残留限量标准与国际标准比较及完善对策

为完善中国大陆地区水产品兽药残留限量标准体系，推动海峡两岸水产品质量安全监管的交流与合作，文章从水产品中兽药残留限量标准现状、禁止使用药物情况及最大允许残留限量 (MRLs) 等方面，对海峡两岸水产品兽药残留限量标准与国际食品法典委员会 (CAC) 及日本、美国、欧盟等主要国际标准进行了比较、分析，认为:1) 中国大陆地区的相关标准存在重复制订问题，其中，“农业部公告第235号”中规定的MRLs标准较为详细和科学；2) 中国台湾地区制定的水产品兽药残留限量标准要严于大陆地区；3) 海峡两岸水产品兽药残留限量标准与国际标准的一致程度均不高；4) 海峡两岸水产品兽药残留限量标准均比CAC的标准更加严格、细致，但不如日本和欧盟的标准详细和科学。最后，文章提出了完善中国大陆地区水产品兽药残留限量标准体系及加强海峡两岸合作的政策思考。

Comparison and analysis of the standards on veterinary drug residues in aquatic products among Mainland China, Taiwan China and international standards and the improving countermeasures

In order to improve the maximum residue limits (MRLs) standards system for veterinary drugs in aquatic products in Mainland China and promote the exchange and cooperation in quality and safety supervision of aquatic product between two sides of the Taiwan Straits, the MRLs standards among Mainland China, Taiwan China, Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC), Japan, USA and EU are compared and analyzed. The results show that, (1) duplication of regulatory exista in the MRLs standards of Mainland China and the MRLs standard in No. 235th is the most perfect in Mainland China, which was announced by ministry of agriculture; (2) the MRLs standards in Taiwan China is higher than that in Mainland China; (3) the residue standards of Mainland China and Taiwan China is not consistent with international standards; (4) the MRLs standards of Mainland China and Taiwan China are stricter and more meticulous than that of CAC. However, the standards are not as detailed and scientific as those in Japan and EU. Last but not the least, this paper puts forward the policy countermeasures on improving the MRLs standard system of veterinary drug residues in aquatic product and strengthening the cooperation between both sides of the Taiwan Straits.