不同生长环境下水稻主要农艺性状的QTL分析

 以籼粳交密阳23/吉冷1号200个F2：3家系作为作图群体，在北京（正常生长环境）、昆明（自然低温胁迫）、公主岭（冷水胁迫）、韩国春川（正常生长环境和冷水胁迫）等5种不同生长环境下进行了水稻秆长、穗长、穗粒数和穗抽出度等主要农艺性状的异地鉴定，并利用SSR标记进行了上述农艺性状的QTL分析。检测结果表明，5种不同环境下检测到与上述农艺性状相关的QTL共44个，分布于除第9染色体外的11条染色体上。qCL1a、qCL1b、qCL5a、qCL6b、qPL1a、qPL3a、qPL6b、qPL6c、qPL7b、qSP8b、qSP1c、qSP11a、qSP12和qPE1至少在2种不同生长环境下均检测到，受环境的影响较小，为较稳定的QTL。其中，qCL1a、qCL1b、qPL1a、qSP1c和qPE1对表型变异的解释率分别为24.2%～55.2%、22.7%～39.9%、12.5%～27.7%、14.4%～33.5%和26.6%～28.7%，为主效基因，主要表现为超显性。这些主效QTL在低温环境下对水稻秆长、穗长、穗粒数和穗抽出度有增效作用，与水稻耐冷性有一定的相关性。

QTL Analysis of Some Agronomic Traits in Rice Under Different Growing Environments

The culm length, panicle length, spikelets per panicle and panicle exsertion were evaluated by using F2:3 population including 200 lines, derived from a cross of indica and japonica Milyang23/Jileng1 under five different environments of Beijing (natural normal growing environment), Kunming (natural low temperature condition), Gongzhuling of China (cold water irrigation) and Chuncheon of Korea (natural normal growing environment and cold water irrigation), and QTLs of these traits were analysed by using SSR markers. The results showed that 44 QTLs related to these agronomic traits were detected under five different growing environments, and these QTLs are located on eleven charomosomes except chromosome 9. The QTLs for qCL1a, qCL1b, qCL5a, qCL6b, qPL1a, qPL3a, qPL6b, qPL6c, qPL7b, qSP8b, qSP1c, qSP11a, qSP12 and qPE1 have been detected in more than two growing environments, which were little affected by environments, were stable QTLs. Among them, qCL1a, qCL1b, qPL1a, qSP1c and qPE1 explained 24.2%-55.2%, 22.7%-39.9%, 12.5%-27.7%, 14.4%-33.5% and 26.6%-28.7% of observed phynotypic variation, respectively, which were major genes mainly appeared over dominance. These QTLs cause the increase of culm length, panicle length, spikelets per panicle and panicle exsertion under low temperature, showing that these QTLs are correlated with cold tolerance.