四种真菌基因组编码的细胞壁降解酶生物信息学分析

本文对两种病原性真菌稻瘟病菌(M.grisea)、小麦赤霉病菌(F.graminearum)]和两种非病原性真菌粗糙脉孢菌(N.crassa)、构巢曲霉(A.nidulans)]基因组编码的植物细胞壁降解酶（PCWDEs）进行了广泛的生物信息学研究。植物病原性真菌可以通过分泌PCWDEs降解宿主植物的细胞壁。PCWDEs能够穿过植物细胞壁的天然屏障，并生成一些有利于真菌生长的简单小分子物质。因此，PCWDEs在植物的致病过程中可能扮演着十分重要的角色。本研究首先通过BLAST（Basic Local Alignment Search tool）结合人工二次筛选确定了四种真菌基因组编码的不同植物细胞壁降解酶（PCWDEs）的数目；然后，利用SignalP来判断PCWDEs能否被分泌到细胞外。通过在基因组水平上对四种病原性和非病原性真菌基因组编码的PCWDEs的比较，我们可以发现不同真菌之间确实存在着一些显著的生物学差异。

Bioinformatic analysis of plant cell wall degrading enzymes in the genomes of four different fugi

In order to compare the plant cell wall degrading enzymes in the genomes of pathogenic and nonpathogenic fungi, different classes of PCWDEs were identified using BLAST followed by secondary manual screening. Then SignalP were performed to verify whether these PCWDEs would be secreted by the fungi. The results showed that some significant biological differences of PCWDEs can be discovered between pathogenic and？nonpathogenic fungi. Moreover, E3 （endoglueanase Ⅱ） could only be found in the genomes of pathogenic fungi and be secreted outside, which might related to the pathogenicity of pathogenic fungi.