The influence of gestational dietary calcium on serum 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in sows and their pigs

Fifteen multiparous sows (three groups of five) were studied during one gestation-lactation cycle to measure the influence of dietary Ca (.5, .8control], and 1.1%) on 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1, 25-(OH)2D3) in serum and colostrum of the sows and serum of their pigs. Concentrations of 1,25-(OH)2D3 and Ca, Mg, P, Cu, and Zn were determined on d 15 and 45 of gestation, at parturition, and at 3 wk postpartum in sow serum and at birth and d 10 and 21 in pig serum. Colostrum was assayed for 1,25-(OH)2D3. Serum 1,25-(OH)2D3 in sows was affected inversely (P less than .05) by dietary Ca within d 15 of gestation and was correlated (r = -.88) with serum Ca during gestation and lactation. Serum Ca was correlated (r = .52) with dietary Ca at d 15 and 45 of gestation and at farrowing. Sow serum Mg was inversely related (r = -.49) to serum Ca during gestation and early lactation. Serum 1,25-(OH)2D3 of the pigs at birth ranged from 38.7 to 44.2 pg/ml was decreased (P less than .05) by 1.1% maternal Ca intake. Sow colostrum 1,25-(OH)2D3 was related (P less than .05) inversely (r = -.40) to sow dietary Ca and directly (r = .90) to sow serum 1,25-(OH)2D3. Serum 1,25-(OH)2D3 of 10- and 21-d-old pigs was inversely related (P less than .05) to their dams' dietary Ca. These results indicate that 1,25-(OH)2D3 production in sows is quickly affected by modest changes in dietary Ca.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)