恩施二高山以上地区烤烟生长期气象条件分析

利用国家气象站长序列历史资料,对恩施二高山及以上地区烤烟生长期的光、温、水等气象条件进行分析,得出恩施二高山及以上地区的烟草生产基本气象因子指标,同时对影响烟叶产量的气象灾害进行了初步分析。结果表明,气温条件在二高山烟区各时段均满足其生长条件,高山烟区在成熟后期气温较低,对烟草上部烟叶生长不利;日照条件均能满足烟草生长;各时段的降水量偏大,对烟叶生长不利,大田要注意清沟排涝;影响恩施烟草生长的主要气象灾害有冰雹、暴雨、低温连阴雨;另外,高山烤烟生长期对低温连阴雨很敏感,而对干旱有较好的抗御能力。

Analysis of the Meteorological Conditions for Flue-cured Tobacco during the Growth Period above Second-height Mountain of Enshi

This paper takes advantage of the long series historical materials of National Meteorological Station to analyze the light, temperature, water and other meteorological conditions for the flue-cured tobacco on or above Enshi second-height mountain area during the growth period, to work out the basic index of meteorological factors for tobacco production in this area, and meanwhile provide a preliminary analysis of the meteor- ological disasters that affect the yield of tobacco leaf. The result shows that the temperature conditions in second-height mountain area can satisfy the tobacco＇ s growing condition ; in high mountain area, the temperature in later stage of maturity is low and thus is harmful to the upper stalk to- bacco ; sunshine condition can satisfy the tobacco growth ; large amounts of precipitation is bad for tobacco growth ; big fields should pay attention to ditch cleaning and drainage. The main meteorological disasters that affect tobacco growth in Enshi are hailstone, torrential rain and low tem- perature continuous rain. In addition, flued-cured tobacco from high mountain is sensitive to low temperature continuous rain during growth peri- od, but resistant to drought.