阜阳地区播期播量对烟农5158产量的影响

[目的]探讨播期播量对阜阳地区烟农5158产量及产量三要素的影响。[方法]在阜阳毛桥村和中北村开展烟农5158小麦品种6个播期(9月30日、10月5日、10月10日、10月15日、10月20日、10月25日)3个播量(180万、240万、300万苗/hm2)试验,调查株高、产量及其构成三要素。[结果]播期和播量对烟农5158的产量影响较大;随着播期的推迟,产量先升高后降低,10月10日播种的产量最高,10月5日播种的次之,10月15日后播种的产量显著降低;同一播期,产量随播量的增加而增加;潮土产量高于砂姜黑土。同一播期,随着播量的增加单位面积穗数增加,穗粒数和千粒重减少;同一播量,随着播期的推迟单位面积穗数逐渐减少,穗粒数和千粒重逐渐增加;砂姜黑土与相应潮土间在产量三要素方面差异不明显。同一播期,播量越大,植株越高;同一播量,播期越早植株越高;砂姜黑土株高比相应潮土矮,播期越早株高差异越小。[结论]烟农5158在当地的适宜播期为10月5～15日,最佳播期在10月10日,在适宜播期范围内,适宜播量为240万苗/hm2,这可为烟农5158在当地大面积推广提供科学依据。

Influence of Sowing Time and Rate on Yield of Yannong5158 in Fuyang

[ Objective ] To explore influence of Sowing time and rate on yield and three factors of yield of Yannong 5158 in Fuyang. [ Method ] In Maoqia Village and Zhongbei Village, comparative test of 6 sowing time （Sep. 30, Oct. 5, Oct. 10, Oct. 15, Oct. 20, Oct. 25） and 3 so- wing rates （ 1.8 million, 2.4 million and J million seedlings/hm ） of Yannong5158 was carried out, plant height, yield and composition were in- vestigated. [ Result] Sowing time and rate had great impact on the yield of Yannong5158 ; the yield increased first and decreased later as the so- wing time delayed. Tobacco sown on Oct. i0 had the highest yield, Oct. 5 had the second highest, and the yield decreased drastically when sown after Oct. 15, D uring~he same sowing time, yield increased with the increasing sowing rate; moisture soil witnessed higher yield than lime con- cretion black soil did; kernel quantity per unit area increased with the increasing sowing rate, grains per spike and thousand-kernel weight re- duced. With tile same sowing rate, kernel quantity per unit area reduced as the sowing time delayed, grains per spike and thousand-kernel weight increased gradually, Three factors of yield in lime concretion black soil showed no obvious difference with those of in moisture soil. During the same sowing time, higher sowing rate resulted in higher plants ; with the same sowing rate, plants were higher if sown earlier; those in lime con- cretion black soil were lower than those in moisture soil, plant heights showed less differences if sown earlier. [ Conclusion] Suitable sowing time of Yannong5158 in Fuyang is between Oct. 5 and 10, the optimal sowing time is Oct. 10. During the same sowing season, the suitable sowing rate is 2.4 million seedlings/hm, laying a scientific foundation for the large-scale application of Yannong5158 in Fuyang.