江苏省溧阳市耕地地力分级及生产利用建议

为合理利用耕地和科学施肥提供依据，需对耕地地力进行评价和分等定级，并提出切实可行的利用建议。以江苏省溧阳市为研究区域；选择了成土母质、质地、坡度、坡向、障碍层类型、灌溉保证率、排涝模数、pH、有机质、有效磷、速效钾、水溶态硼等12个因素作为耕地地力评价因子；应用相关分析、因子分析、模糊评价、层次分析等数学分析原理，建立了一种定性与定量相结合的耕地地力等级评价的方法；以县域耕地资源管理信息系统(CLRMIS)和地理信息系统(GIS)为软件技术支撑将各种属性数据和空间数据进行处理与整合，将溧阳市58611.1 hm2耕地地力划分等级。结果表明，溧阳市耕地地力划分为5个等级，其中一等地9905.3 hm2，占耕地总面积的16.9%；二等地17759.1 hm2，占耕地总面积的30.3%；三等地22272.2 hm2，占耕地总面积的38.0%；四等地8557.2 hm2，占耕地总面积的14.6%；五等地117.3 hm2，占耕地总面积的0.2%。由此得出，利用计算机技术可以完全依据耕地自然要素评价地力，由此获得的评价结果既克服了凭经验确定分级指数主观方法的弊端，又避免了纯数学方法带有较大盲目性的弱点，能更准确地反映耕地的地力等级差异；同时，根据评价结果显示，耕地地力分级基本符合溧阳的实际，同时反映出溧阳市耕地地力的整体水平较高。提出生产利用建议具有较强的针对性和可操作性，便于在生产上应用。

The Present Status and Suggestions of Rating Management on Cultivated Land Productivity in Liyang City, Jiangsu Province

In order to provide basis for reasonable utilization of cultivated land and scientific fertilization, it is necessary to evaluate and classify fertility of cultivated land and make feasible suggestions for management. The studied area in this paper was Liyang City, Jiangsu Province, China, 12 factors such as soil parent material, texture, slope, aspect, type of barrier layer, insurance probability of irrigation water, modulus of surface drainage, PH, organic matter, available phosphorous, available potassium, water-soluble boron are selected as the evaluation factors. With the BFIS, a method in both quantitative and qualitative natures was developed to grade the farmland productive capacity, through correlation analysis, factor analysis, fuzzy evaluation, and hierarchic analysis respectively. With the support of software technology, the Cultivated Land Resource Management Information System (CLRMIS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) are used for dealing and combining all kinds of data on properties and spaces. The results showed that, the total area of cultivated land in Liyang City was 58611.1 hm2, which was divided into five levels, i.e., the 1st level with 9905.3 hm2 accounting for 16.9% of the total cultivated land area, the 2nd with 17759.1 hm2 for 30.3%, the 3rd with 22272.2 hm2 for38%, the 4th with 8557.2 hm2 for 14.60%, and the 5th with 117.3 hm2 for 0.2%. In sum, we can base on natural agents of cultivated land to evaluate its fertility with computer technology. The evaluation results can accurately reflect classification of land fertility, and overcome disadvantages of subjective method of classification by experience and avoid blindness of pure mathematical method. Besides, the evaluation results showed that the classification of fertility of cultivated land conforms to the reality of Liyang City, of which the land fertility was comparatively high. Suggestions based on management at different levels are considered to have pertinence and operability, and can be used in production application.