农地非农化过程中农民土地权益损益研究——以吉林省四平市为例

目的]对在农地非农化过程中农民土地权益损益进行研究,为国家制定新的补偿标准提供科学依据。方法]以吉林省四平市为例,从价值的哲学概念入手,构建农用地综合价值体系,运用收益还原法、当量因子法和影子价格法对四平市农地综合价值进行量化和评估。结果](1)农地综合价值为1.33×106元/hm2。其中,经济价值为4.56×105元/hm2,生态价值为3.74×105元/hm2,社会价值为2.87×105元/hm2,农地发展权价值为2.18×105元/hm2;(2)农地非农化实际补偿价值为4.50×105元/hm2;(3)农地非农化过程中农民土地权益损益为8.84×105元/hm2,损益价值占农地综合价值的66.3%。结论]2012年四平市的农地非农化实际补偿价值仅占农地综合价值的33.7%,证明被征地农民的土地权益受到严重侵害,认为对农地价值认识的局限、征地补偿标准不合理、征地制度不完善、农地产权不清晰是造成农地非农化过程中失地农民土地权益受损的主要原因。

Profit or Loss: A Case Study of Farmers' Land Rights and Interests in Process of Land Conversion in Siping City of Jilin Province

Objective] The farmers'' legitimate rights and interests in the process of land conversion were investigated in order to provide a scientific basis to formulate a national new compensation standard. Methods] Viewed from the philosophical concept of value, this paper constructed a comprehensive farmland value framework. Using methods of income reduction, equivalent factor and the shadow price, the comprehensive values of farmlands in Siping City of Jilin Province were quantified and evaluated. Results] (1) The comprehensive value was evaluated as 1.33×10⁶ yuan/hm². In which, the economic value was 4.56×10⁵ yuan/hm², the ecological value was 3.74×10⁵ yuan/hm², the social value was 2.87×10⁵ yuan/hm², the development right value of farmland was 2.18×10⁵ yuan/hm². (2) The actual compensation value in land conversion was 4.50×10⁵ yuan/hm²; (3) In the process of land conversion, the loss of farmers'' land rights and interests was 8.84×10⁵ yuan/hm², Conclusion] In 2012, the actual compensation value accounted for only 33.7% of land comprehensive value. This reflected a fact that the land rights and interests of land-lost peasants were trespassed. It is considered that the limiting understanding of farmland value, the unreasonable compensation standard for land acquisition, the imperfect land expropriation regime, the fuzziness land property rights are all the main causes that the land-lost farmers'' land rights and interests is treated unjustly in the process of land conversion.