中国马鹿(Cervus elaphus)新疆三个亚种的研究现状及展望

马鹿(Cervus elaphus)是国家二级保护动物,是重要的经济动物.我国马鹿资源丰富,分布在新疆的有塔里木亚种(C.e. yarkandensis)、阿勒泰亚种(C.e.sibiricus) 和天山亚种(C.e.songaricus)三个.近年来随着当地人口数量的增加,使马鹿栖息地的破碎化程度不断加剧、面积不断缩减、环境质量不断下降,严重影响了该地区的马鹿生存条件、种群结构、营养状况乃至遗传组成等,使之在生理、行为和遗传等方面发生了一系列的适应特征.根据文献资料系统的总结有关新疆马鹿各个方面的研究,提出未来的各种研究问题,为了有效的保护和利用新疆马鹿资源提供科学依据.

The Present Status and Prospects of Research on Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) Three Subspecies in Xinjiang, China

Red deer is protected animal in China and also has very important economic value.China has been one of the centers of cervid evolution and has very rich red deer resources,among the eight red deer species distributed in China,C.e.sibiricus,C.e.songaricus and C.e.yarkandensis distributed in Xinjiang.In recent years,along with the rapid increasing of human population and environmental pollution,the habitat of the Xinjiang red deer has been increased rapidly,the habitat quality unceasingly has been dropped,which seriously has affected the red deer survival,population structure,nutrition condition and even the heredity composition and so on,and has caused a series of adaption combination on physiology,behavior and heredity aspects.In this paper the current research status of red deer sub species in Xinjiang is analyzed according to the literature materials. At the same time the future research is analyzed.This will provide scientific basis for effective protection of the red deer sub species in Xinjiang.