小麦与羊草远缘杂交结实性研究

本试验以普通小麦晋麦２０号，晋麦３１号，晋麦３２号，鲁麦５号、临远７０６９、８５—６００６５、７６—１５３—６—６－１；野生二粒，硬粒小麦，园锥Ｔ３６茹可夫斯基小麦，提莫菲维小麦，Ｐｈｉｂ突变体，八倍体小偃麦中３、中４、中５为母本，以羊草（ｌｅｇｍｕＳＣｈｉｎｅｓｉｓ）为父本。观察了各组合杂交结实性。结果表明：小麦属不同种与羊草远缘杂交当代结实率低，出苗差，难以成功。八倍体小偃麦与羊草杂交，不仅当代结实率高，而且易出苗成株，用普通小麦回交可明显提高杂种结实性，认为八倍体小偃麦可作为小麦与单草远缘杂交研究中的桥梁亲本。

THE STUDY ON FERTILITY OF DISTANT HYBRID BETWEEN WHEAT AND CHINESE WILDRYE

The hybridization experiments were done with Chinese wildrye as the pollen parent and 16 strains of breed sa female parents.These female paremts were wild emmer wheat,T.durun,T.turgidum,T.zhukovskyi,T.timopheevi,mutant phib,octoploid quackgrass(Zhong 3,Zhong4,Zhong 5) and common wheat including Jinmai 20,Jinmai 31,Jinmai 32,Lumai 5,Linyuan 7069,85-60065 and 76-135-6-6-1.Fertility was analysed of all these cross combinations.The results showed that different species in genus Triticum performed badly in fertility when hybridized with Chinese wildrye and in seedling emergence of F1,and that hybrid between Chinese wildrye and octoploid quackgrass proved good not only in fertility and also in emergence and its progency hybrid backcrossed with common wheat possesed nuch better fertility.It is advisable to use octoploid quackgrass as bridge parent involved in distant hybridiztation with Chinese wildrye.