山东省花生生产系统可持续发展能值分析

花生是山东省主要油料作物，为评价山东省花生生产系统的资源使用情况、环境压力及可持续性，运用能值原理对山东省花生生产系统的能值指标进行分析。2007—2011年，山东省花生生产系统的能值投入总量从4.01×10²¹ sej上升到6.70×10²¹ sej，其中83.46%为不可更新工业辅助能值投入。能值自给率、净能值产出率及系统可持续指数呈下降趋势，分别从0.13、3.71和1.29下降至0.08、2.17和0.36；能值投入率、环境负载率呈上升趋势，分别从6.56、2.88增加至11.53、5.51；能值密度则从5.07×10¹¹ sej·m^-2增至8.41×10¹¹ sej·m^-2。结果表明：山东省花生生产农业机械化水平较高，主要依靠不可更新工业辅助能值投入，而可更新辅助能值投入较少，系统可持续发展指数较低。为促进山东省花生生产可持续发展，应该调整其能值投入结构，提高花生生产科技水平，增加可更新有机能值的投入，将不可更新工业辅助能值投入控制在合理的水平。

Emergy analysis on the sustainable development of peanut production systems in Shandong Province

Peanut is the main oil commodity in Shandong Province. In order to evaluate the uses of peanut resources, environmental impacts and overall sustainability of peanut production in Shandong Province, an emergy method was applied to assess the emergy indexes of peanut production system. From 2007 to 2011, the total energy input was raised from 4.01×10²¹ sej to 6.70 ×10²¹ sej, including 83.46% of the non-renewable auxiliary energy. Emergy self-sufficiency ratio, net emergy yield ratio and sustainability indexes became decreased from 0.13, 3.71 and 1.29 to 0.08, 2.17 and 0.36, respectively. Emergy investment ratio, environmental loading ratio were increased from 6.56, 2.88 to 11.53, 5.51, respectively. Emergy per area was increased from 5.07×10¹¹sej·m^-2 to 8.41×10¹¹sej·m^-2. The results showed that the development of peanut production system in Shandong Province mainly relied on the input from non-renewable industrial auxiliary emergy, while depended subtly on renewable auxiliary emergy input. The system of sustainable development index showed a downward trend. To promote sustainable development of peanut production in Shandong Province, the emergy investment structure should be adjusted and high-tech in peanut production system should be implemented. Also, the renewable organic emergy input should be increased, while the non-renewable industrial auxiliary emergy input should be controlled properly.