水稻生殖发育进程与小穗外部形态的对应关系

以粳稻品种中花11为材料,对其雌蕊、雄蕊发育的细胞学进程与其相应的小穗外部形态进行分析,获得了该品种雌雄蕊发育的大、小孢子母细胞、减数分裂、孢子形成和配子体发育等各个时期与颖花稃片长度的对应关系。随着稃片长度的不断增加,其颜色逐渐由白色转为嫩绿色,稃片最终长度达6.4mm时,雌蕊(胚囊)和雄蕊(花粉)发育成熟。同时还对中花11种子发育和颖果及稃片的形态学对应关系进行了分析,总结了胚胎和胚乳发育进程与颖果及稃片长度和形态的关联性。颖果和稃片的发育呈阶段性的变化,当胚囊授粉后9d时,颖果和稃片均发育伸长至6.71、7.34mm,达到最大值后颖果和稃片不再伸长,主要进行横向加宽发育,直至成熟。

Relevance between reproductive development and spikelet morphology in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

In order to explore the relevance of cytological events of pistil and stamen development to the morphology of spikelet lemma in rice,series of observation were made using japonica rice Zhonghua 11 as material.Length of spikelet lemma corresponding to gametophyte development stage,such as male and female mother cell stage,meiosis stage,spore formation was statistically analyzed.The relevance of caryopsis morphology and lemmas length to the inner developmental stage of embryo and endosperm was investigated.The results provided a simple ocular reference to ascertain the reproductive developmental stage of pistil,stamen and seed in rice.It will benefit the research about reproductive development and molecular mechanism in rice.