梧州茶树种质资源的遗传多样性及亲缘关系分析

基于SSR标记对梧州六堡镇群体种和南渡镇野生大茶树种质资源的遗传多样性和亲缘关系进行了分析,并筛选出用于该种质资源鉴别的核心分子标记。研究结果如下：（1）17对SSR引物在供试材料中共扩增得到98个等位基因,每对SSR引物扩增的等位位点为3~8个,平均每个位点5.764 7个等位基因;（2）从17个SSR分子标记中筛选出8个核心标记组合即可区分每份种质资源;（3）六堡镇茶树种质资源的平均等位基因数（A）、基因型数、基因多样性（H）、多态性信息含量（PIC）分别为4.647 1、7.000 0、0.675 4、0.628 3,高于南渡镇野生大茶树种质资源,与栽培种茶树群体接近;（4）聚类分析表明,六堡镇茶树群体部分种质资源单独聚为一类,部分与云南的大叶种茶树,少量与浙江、贵州地方栽培种聚为一类;而南渡镇野生茶树种质资源单独聚为一类,仅有2个六堡镇的种质材料散落其间。综上所述,梧州茶树种质资源丰富,遗传多样性较高,研究结果为进一步开发和利用该资源奠定了基础。

Genetic and Phylogenetic Analysis for Germplasm Resources of Camellia sinensis from Wuzhou City

Based on the SSR markers, the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of the germplasm resources of tea plants from Liubao town and Nandu town were fully analyzed in this study. The core molecular markers for the efficient identification of these germplasm resources were successfully screened. The main results show that: (1) 98 alleles were amplified from 17 pairs of SSR primers, and each pair of SSR primers amplified 3-8 alleles, with an average of 5.764 7 alleles per locus. (2) Totally 8 core markers were selected from 17 SSR markers to distinguish each germplasm resource. (3) The average number of alleles (4.647 1), genotypes per marker (7.000 0), genetic diversity (0.675 4), and the polymorphic information content (0.628 3) of native tea trees in Liubao town were higher than wild tea trees in Nandu, and close to the cultivated population. (4) Cluster analysis shows that the majority germplasm resources from Liubao town were clustered together except for several tea plants grouped with large-leaf tea cultivars from Yunnan province and a few resources were grouped into the same cluster with tea cultivars from Zhejiang and Guizhou provinces. The wild tea germplasm resources from Nandu town were grouped into the same cluster with two germplasm materials from Liubao town. In conclusion, it was showed that there are rich tea germplasm resources with high genetic diversity in Wuzhou city. This study might lay a solid foundation for the further studies to develop and utilize these tea resources.