秋水仙素诱导甜高粱‘FH59’种子变异效应研究

为了研究秋水仙素水溶液对甜高粱‘FH59’种子的诱变效应,创制优质甜高粱种质资源。本实验利用不同浓度的秋水仙素水溶液(0.05%、0.1%、0.15%、0.2%)浸泡甜高粱种子24、31、48 h,统计苗期变异率,并对成活植株进行大田鉴定。研究结果表明,秋水仙素诱变效果受到处理时间、药剂浓度以及二者交互作用的显著影响,在24 h,0.15%诱变条件下诱变效果最佳,幼苗变异效果显著。M₂代田间鉴定发现株高、生育期、穗长、籽粒颜色、锤度等主要农艺性状的突变体,变异类型丰富,尤其是发现的大量的矮化、早熟突变体对甜高粱亲本的改良作用明显。

Mutagenic Effect of Colchicine on Sweet Sorghum ‘FH59’ Seeds

In order to study the mutagenic effect of colchicine aqueous solution on sweet sorghum ‘FH59’ seeds and create high-quality sweet sorghum resources, in this experiment, sweet sorghum seeds were soaked in different concentrations of colchicine solution (0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, and 0.2%) for 24 h, 31 h and 48 h, respectively, the variation rate at seedling stage was counted, and the survival plants were identified in field. The results showed that the mutagenic effect of colchicine was significantly affected by the treatment time and the concentration of colchicine and their interaction. The best mutagenic effect was obtained under the condition of 0.15% colchicine solution treatment for 24 h, and the mutagenic effect of seedlings was significant. The mutants of plant height, growth period, ear length, grain color, brix and other major agronomic traits were found in the field of M₂ generation, and the variation types were rich. Especially, a large number of dwarfing and early-maturing mutants were found, which had obvious improvement on sweet sorghum parents.