水产颗粒饲料悬浮速度测定与分析

为获取水产颗粒饲料的悬浮速度参数，采用自制悬浮速度测定试验台对膨化饲料与颗粒饲料的悬浮速度进行测定，并采用双因素等重复试验法和响应曲面法分析了粒径（1~4 mm）和含水率（5%~25%）对水产颗粒饲料悬浮速度的影响。结果表明：粒径和含水率对膨化饲料和颗粒饲料的悬浮速度均影响极显著，且粒径比含水率对悬浮速度的影响更显著，但粒径和含水率的交互作用对悬浮速度影响不显著；膨化饲料和颗粒饲料悬浮速度均随粒径和含水率的增加而增加；以决定系数和变异系数为评价指标进行比较，膨化饲料悬浮速度的三阶预测模型效果最佳，决定系数R²为0.993 1；颗粒饲料悬浮速度的双因素交互预测模型效果最佳，决定系数R²为0.959 1。经过试验验证，膨化饲料和颗粒饲料悬浮速度预测模型的相对误差范围分别为±5.4%和±6.1%，说明预测模型可靠。试验结果可为气动式投喂装置、气力输送装置和分选装置的设计提供参考和依据。

Measurement and Analysis on Suspension Velocity of Aquaculture Pellets Feed

In order to obtain suspension velocity parameters of aquaculture pellets feed， the suspension velocity of extruded feed and pellet feed was measured by using self-designed suspension velocity measuring instrument. At the same time， the effects of particle size（1~4 mm）and moisture content（5%~25%）on suspension velocity were analyzed by double factor equal repeated experiments and response surface method. The results showed that particle size and moisture content had significant effects on the suspension velocity of extruded feed and pellet feed， and the effect of particle size was more significant than that of moisture content， but the interaction of particle size and moisture content had no significant effect on suspension velocity. Suspension velocity of extruded feed and pellet feed increased with the increase of particle size and moisture content. Besides， taking the R² and CV as the evaluation indexes， the cubic model for the suspension velocity of extruded feed was best， with the R² of 0.993 1； 2FI model for suspension velocity of pellet feed had the best effect， with the R² of 0.959 1. After verification， the relative error range of the suspension velocity prediction model of extruded feed and pellet feed wass ±5.4% and ±6.1%， which indicated that the prediction model was reliable. The experiment results provided reference and basis for the design of pneumatic automatic feeding device， pneumatic conveying device and sorting device.