皂荚皂苷的絮凝脱色及膜分离纯化

为获得高纯度的皂荚皂苷,以乙醇提取皂荚果皮所得皂苷粗提液为原料,采用多种无机低分子絮凝剂和有机高分子絮凝剂处理皂苷粗提液。通过对比不同种类和不同加量的絮凝剂对皂苷纯化及脱色效果的影响,确定最佳的絮凝剂种类和加量;采用膜处理工艺进一步提高皂苷产品纯度。结果表明：最佳絮凝工艺为双氰胺-双氰胺甲醛或双氰胺-双氰胺铵盐絮凝剂,加量为1.5%,搅拌速度为80 r/min。经过10000 Da、2000 Da及500 Da 3种分子量的卷式膜处理后,喷雾干燥所得皂荚皂苷产品脱色率达到60%,含量从43%提高到78%以上。该研究结果絮凝脱色及膜处理工艺可用于较高纯度皂荚皂苷产品的生产,为企业综合开发利用皂荚资源提供基础。

Flocculation Decolorization and Membrane Separation Techniques for the Purification of Saponin from Gleditsia sinensis

In order to obtain high-purity saponin of Gleditsia sinensis, the crude saponin extracted from peel of Gleditsia sinensis by ethanol extracting was used as raw material to study the treatments by various inorganic low molecular flocculants and organic polymer flocculants. By comparing the effects of different kinds and different dosage of flocculants on the purification and decolorization of saponin, the best kind and optimum dosage of flocculants were determined. Then the membrane treatment process was used to further improve the purity of saponin products. The results showed that the best flocculation process was dicyandiamide-dicyandiamide formaldehyde or dicyandiamide-dicyandiamide ammonium flocculants, and the optimum dosage was 1.5% and the stirring speed was 80 r/min. The decolorization rate of Gleditsia sinensis saponin obtained by spray drying was 60% and the saponin content of Gleditsia sinensis increased from 43% to more than 78% after being treated by rolling membrane with three molecular weights of 10000 Da, 2000 Da and 500 Da. Taken together, flocculation decolorization and membrane treatment techniques could be used for the production of high-purity saponin from Gleditsia sinensis, and the study could be a basis for the comprehensive development and utilization of Gleditsia sinensis resources.