内蒙古主要草原植物群落地上生物量和理论载畜量及其与气候的关系

本文应用除趋势对应分析方法（ＤＣＡ）对内蒙古草原中东部草原植被１２０个群落样地的分析表明：该区六种主要的草原群落类型在生境干燥度梯度上的顺序依次为：小针茅草原→短花针茅草原→克氏针茅草原→大针茅草原→贝加尔针茅草原和羊草草原。在上述分析基础上，研究了每种草原的群落组成、地上生物量及其种群结构，以及各类草原的理论载畜量。六种草原群落的地上生物量介于１１２Ｋｇ．ＤＭ．ｍ￣（－２）──１６２０Ｋｇ。ＤＭ．ｍ￣（－２）之间；相应地，理论载畜量变化于０．１０─１．５７羊单位／公顷。研究地区草原地上生物量（Ｂ）与年降水量（Ｐ）、年平均气温（Ｔ）和与≥１０℃的积温（Ｔａｃ）的关系分别为：Ｂ＝－１３４．９２＋０．８４Ｐ，Ｂ＝１３６．３７－２５．６８Ｔ，Ｂ＝３５１．６１－０．１２Ｔａｃ；与气候干燥度（依Ｐｅｎｍａｎ方法计算）的关系为Ｂ＝０．２６＋４．３３ｅ．

AERIAL BIOMASS AND CARRYING CAPICITY OF STEPPE VEGETATION IN INNER MONGOLIA AND THE IR RELATIONS WITH CLIMATE

plots of steppe vegetation on the central-eastern part of Inner Mongolia plateauare analyzed by detrended correspondence analysis(DCA).The ordination of the six mainsteppe types on the gradient of aridity,in order from dry to humid,is along the sequence:Stipa Klemenzii steppe,S. breviflora steppe,S. krylovii S.grandis steppe and S.baicalensis steppe,Aneurolepidium chinense steppe has a wide ecological amplitude on thegradient. The community composition and population biomass are measured.The aerialbiomass of the steppe vegetation in the research area are 112-1620 kgDM,ha￣(-1). Accord-ingly,the carring capicity of the steppe rangelands are 0.10-1.75 sheep equivelent· ha￣(-1). The relations of steppe aerial biomass(B)with the annual precipitation(P),mean an-nual temperature(T)and the accumulated temperature(Tac> =10℃)are respectively:B=-134.92+0.84P,B=136.37-25.68T &B=351.61-0.12Tac,The relations withclimate aridity(A)are B=0.26+4,33e￣(8/a)