几种小麦族亲缘植物麦谷蛋白和醇溶蛋白研究

利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)技术,对近年收集到的几种小麦亲缘植物的麦谷蛋白和醇溶蛋白进行了研究。麦谷蛋白的SDS-PAGE电泳结果表明:在高分子量区,2种披碱草、旱麦草、华山新麦草、大赖草、簇毛麦、节节麦、黑麦都有HMW-GS条带存在;拟鹅观草、纤毛鹅观草、无芒雀麦、二棱大麦和燕麦没有HMW-GS条带。在低分子量区,除无芒雀麦、纤毛鹅观草和黑麦没有LMW-GS条带以外,其它亲缘植物都有1~7条LMW-GS条带;醇溶蛋白的A-PAGE电泳结果表明:20份材料共分离出28条醇溶蛋白带纹,其醇溶蛋白多态性达100%,表明所分析的材料间具有丰富的醇溶蛋白遗传多样性。对20份材料的遗传距离进行聚类分析,其遗传距离在0.27~0.72之间,在遗传距离为0.61时,所有材料被聚为6类,其中普通小麦品种中国春、纤毛鹅观草和黑麦分别单独成类,纤毛鹅观草和黑麦与其它小麦及其亲缘植物具有较远的亲缘关系,无芒雀麦与簇毛麦之间、拟鹅观草和披碱草之间、旱麦草与大麦之间具有相对较近的亲缘关系。

Study on glutenin and gliadin of some relative species of Triticum

The glutenin and gliadin of some wheat relative species were studied by polyacrylamide gel electrophoreses(PAGE).The results by the SDS-PAGE method showed that there are some high molecular weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GS) in Elymus L.Z2276,Elymus L.Z2284,Eremopyrum triticeum,Psathyrostachys huashanica,Leymus racemosus,Haynaldia villosa,Aegilops tauschii and Secale cereale.But in Psedoroegneria strigosa,Ps.Stipifolica,Roegneria ciliaris,Bromus inermis Leyss,Hordeum distichon var.EL and Avena sativa L.,the HMW-GS were not tested.There are some low molecular weight glutenin subunits(LMW-GS) except Bromus inermis Leyss,Roegneria ciliaris and Secale cereale.The results of gliadin by A-PAGE showed that 28 strips were separated in 20 materials.The multiplicity of gliadin in these materials was 100%,indicating that the gliadin of these materials presents vast range of genetic diversity. The genetic distance of these materials was from 0.27 to 0.72 by use of cluster analysis.When genetic distance was 0.61,these 20 materials were clustered into six kinds,and Triticum aestivum cv Chinese spring,Roegneria ciliaris and Secale cereale were separate kinds.The results of clustering analysis suggested that there are far side genetic relationships between Roegneria ciliaris,Secale cereale and other relative species of wheat,and there is relatively close genetic relationship between Bromus inermis Leyss and Haynaldia villosa,between Psedoroegneria and Elymus L.,between Eremopyrum triticeum and Hordeum distichon,respectively.