水酶法提取扁桃仁油工艺的研究

目的]采用水酶法提取扁桃仁油.方法]采用单因素试验和正交试验,研究单一酶和复合酶种类及浓度、酶解时间、酶解温度、酶解pH、料液比对出油率的影响.结果]水酶法提取扁桃仁油的最佳工艺条件为:采用由果胶酶、纤维素酶和木瓜蛋白酶组成的复合酶,酶解温度55℃,酶解时间3h,酶浓度2;,酶解pH7.0、料液比1∶4,在此条件下出油率达77.31;.结论]单一酶中碱性蛋白酶,复合酶中果胶酶、纤维素酶、木瓜蛋白酶的组合对扁桃仁油的提取率最高；复合酶的出油率比单一酶高.

Studies on Extraction Technology of Almond Oil by Aqueous Enzymatic Method

【Objective】 The study aimed ot extract the almond oil by aqueous enzymatic method.【Method】The effects of types and concentration of both single enzyme and complex enzyme,hydrolysis time,hydrolysis temperature,hydrolysis pH,ratio of solid to water on the oil extraction rate were studied by single factor and orthogonal design.【Result】The optimum conditions of extraction were determined as follows: the almond oil extraction rate can reach 77.31% when almond was hydrolyzed by enzyme concentration 2% at 55℃,ratio of solid to water was 1∶ 4(w/v),pH 7.0 for 3 hours with the compound of pectinase,cellulase and papain.【Conclusion】The effect on the extraction of almond oil was different for types of the enzymes,among which the complex of the pectinase,cellulase and papain produced more oil than alkaline protease.