Integrated management of Ascochyta blight (Didymella fabae) on faba bean under Mediterranean conditions |
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| Institution: | 1. Biodiversity and Integrated Gene Management Program, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) P.O.Box 6299, Rabat Instituts, Rue Hafiane Cherkaoui, Rabat, Morocco;2. FAO Representation in Ethiopia, CMC Road Near ILRI, Bole Sub City, Kebele 12/13,P.O. Box 5536, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;3. Biodiversity and Integrated Gene Management Program, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), P.O. Box 114/5055, Beirut, Lebanon;1. Centro de Recursos Microbiológicos, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;2. Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;3. Plant Protection Department, Agriculture Faculty, University of Kurdistan, P.O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Iran;4. Department of Genetics, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002;5. CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands;6. Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands;7. Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Laboratory of Phytopathology, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands;1. Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA;2. Department of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, 20742, USA;1. Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture – Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA;2. Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand;3. School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand;4. Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People''s Republic of China;5. World Agroforestry Centre, East and Central Asia, Kunming 650201, People''s Republic of China;1. Department of Agricultural Production, School of Agriculture, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda;2. National Semi-Arid Resources Research Institute (NaSARRI), Serere, Uganda;1. Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada;2. Crop Diversification Center North, Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Edmonton, AB T5Y 6H3, Canada;3. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Morden Research and Development Centre, Morden, MB R6M 1Y5, Canada;1. Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550025, China;2. Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, 550014, China |
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| Abstract: | Integrated disease management options (two sowing dates, three fungicides and 3–6 faba bean genotypes) in managing Ascochyta blight affecting faba bean were evaluated for three cropping seasons (2006/07–2008/09) in northern Syria for their effects on disease parameters, seed infection and dry seed yield. The combined results of the three seasons on disease parameters showed that sowing dates significantly affected final disease severity and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC); faba bean genotypes significantly affected final disease severity, rate of disease development and AUDPC. The highest AUDPC (255% days) was observed in early than late planted (168% days) faba bean genotypes. The mean AUDPC of faba bean genotypes ranged from 189% days on genotype 1053–1325 to 234% days on ILB-1814. Only faba bean genotypes and fungicides showed significant interactions in affecting final disease severity and AUDPC. Fungicide sprays significantly affected mean percent pod infection and rate of disease development but not mean percent seed infection. Faba bean genotypes showed significant differences in dry seed yield and the yield ranged from 1.7 t ha?1 in cv. Ascot to 2.4 t ha?1 in faba bean genotype 945-105. Improved varieties with Ascochyta blight resistance are not currently released and available for farmers in northern Syria and the integration of early planting (November–December) with one foliar fungicide spray at vegetative stage can help to reduce Ascochyta blight severity, pod and seed infections. Chlorothalonil and azoxystrobin are widely used fungicides to manage Ascochyta blights on food legumes in many countries and one of them could be used depending on their availability and costs to managing faba bean Ascochyta blight in Syria and other Mediterranean type environments. |
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| Keywords: | Disease parameters Faba bean Syria |
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