Effect of nitrogen fertilization on Fusarium head blight in spring barley |
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| Institution: | 1. Phytopathology, Technische Universität München, Emil Ramann Str. 2, 85354, Freising, Germany;2. Plant Nutrition, Technische Universität München, Emil Ramann Str. 2, 85354, Freising, Germany;3. Analytical Food Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Alte Akademie 10, 85354, Freising, Germany;1. School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China;2. The State Key laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China;1. School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States;2. Biosciences Eastern and Central Africa-International Livestock Research Institute (BecA–ILRI) Hub, Along Old Naivasha Road, Uthiru, P.O. Box 30709-00100, Nairobi, Kenya;3. International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), ICRAF House, UN Avenue, Gigiri, P.O. Box 1041-00621, Nairobi, Kenya;1. Wageningen UR – Plant Research International, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, P.O. Box 69, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands;2. Institute of Sciences of Food Production – Research National Council, Bari, Italy;3. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria;1. CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Underwood Avenue, Floreat, WA, 6014, Australia;2. CSIRO Agriculture and Food, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia;3. CSIRO Agriculture and Food, 306 Carmody Rd, St Lucia, Qld, 4067, Australia;1. Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nantong Third Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong 212006, Jiangsu, China;2. Medical Risk Management Section, Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA (People''s Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China;3. First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning, China;4. State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China;5. School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China |
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| Abstract: | Nitrogen fertilization has been shown to influence the occurrence and the impact of Fusarium head blight in wheat. It also plays a key role in adjusting barley quality to the requirements of the malting industry, implying specific contents of protein. The present study investigated the effect of nitrogen input on the incidence of relevant Fusarium species in spring barley under field and greenhouse conditions. Grain material from differently fertilized field plots was analyzed for fungal DNA and mycotoxins by qPCR and LC-MS/MS, respectively. Under natural pathogen pressure no effect of nitrogen on infection was observed. When pathogen pressure (Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium avenaceum) was increased via species-specific soil-surface inoculation, nitrogen application reduced contents of Fusarium DNA and mycotoxins in barley grain. Nitrogen-dependent canopy parameters were recorded over the season and correlated with DNA and mycotoxin data. Apparently, sparser canopy permitted more Fusarium infections in unfertilized plots. In addition, well nitrogen-fertilized plants allowed less fungal development in the barley spike after spray inoculation in the greenhouse. These results suggest that nitrogen fertilization restricts Fusarium grain infection of barley by influencing canopy characteristics and possibly plant physiology. |
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| Keywords: | Nitrogen Mycotoxins qPCR LC-MS/MS |
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