Response of selected okra cultivars to Meloidogyne incognita |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic;2. Institute of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan;3. University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan;1. Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;2. Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;3. Korea Biochar Research Center & School of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea;1. State University of Maringá, Postgraduate Program in Agronomy, Maringá, PR, Brazil;2. State University of Maringá, Graduate Program in Chemistry, Maringá, PR, Brazil;3. State University of Maringá, Graduate Program in Agricultural Sciences, Umuarama, PR, Brazil;1. University of Massachusetts Amherst Cranberry Station, East Wareham, Massachusetts 02538, USA;2. Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;1. State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China;2. Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China;1. Agricultural Research Council - Tropical and Subtropical Crops, Private Bag X11208, Nelspruit 1200, South Africa;2. Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X 6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa |
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| Abstract: | Root–knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are major pests of vegetables especially in the tropics and subtropics. All commercial okra varieties are susceptible to root knot nematodes and cause substantial losses. The objective of this study is to find out resistant germplasm in order to facilitate our breeders for gene manipulation. A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate 28 okra cultivars against Meloidogyne incognita inoculated with 5000 eggs. Five cultivars (Bamya Yalova, 19,232, 19,236, 1,922,121, and Green Wonder) had significantly fewer root galls and eggs and less reduction in plant growth (shoot weight and root length), than most of the other entries. A positive relationship was demonstrated between root galls and reduction in plant growth parameters measured. These cultivars may improve okra production in fields infested with M. incognita. During our study, none of the cultivars tested were observed to be immune or resistant to nematode infection according to a scale where: good host susceptible] when Pf/Pi (Pf = Final population of nematodes after harvest and Pi = Initial population of nematodes which was used as inoculum during experiment) > 5.0, fair, better moderately resistant] if 5.0 ≥ Pf/Pi > 1, poor if 1 > Pf/Pi > 0, and non-host resistant] when Pf/Pi = 0. The cultivars, including 19,224, 19,235, Pusa Sawami, Ikra-1, Ikra-2 and Sabzperi China Red, were found to be susceptible with Pf/Pi > 5.0, and they were declared as good hosts of M. incognita. While all the other cultivars were moderately resistant, with 0 ≥ Pf/Pi > 1 but still a significant penetration of nematodes was found. The regression studies showed positive and significant relationships between the number of galls and the reduction in shoot weight (r2 = 0.95), number of galls and reduction in shoot length (r2 = 0.81), and number of galls and decrease in root length (r2 = 0.89). |
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| Keywords: | Root-knot nematode Okra Reproduction factor Susceptibility Resistance |
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