Novel markers of inflammatory response and hepatic dysfunction in canine leishmaniasis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina (UNOESC), Brazil;2. Department of Veterinary Clinical and Surgery, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil;3. Department of Biochemistry, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil;4. Department of Farmacology, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil;5. Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil;6. Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil;7. Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Chapecó, SC, Brazil;1. Federal University of Piauí, Campus Amílcar Ferreira Sobral, BR-343, Km-3,5 Bairro Meladão, ZIP: 64808-605, Floriano, Piaui, Brazil;2. Leishmaniasis Laboratory from the Federal Universitiy of Piauí, Rua Artur de Vasconcelos 151-Sul, ZIP: 64.049-750, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil;3. Animal Sanity Laboratory, Federal University of Piauí, Campus Ministro Petronio Portela, Center of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Parasitic Diseases, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil;1. Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;2. Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;3. Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, P O Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA;1. Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;1. Department of Electronic Engineering, Semyung University, Jecheon 390-711, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Control and Instrumentation Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 380-702, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Transportation System Engineering, Graduate School of Transportation, Korea National University of Transportation, Uiwang-si, Gyeonggi-do 437-763, Republic of Korea;1. (Medical Faculty Osijek), Clinical Hospital “Sisters of Mercy” Zagreb (ENT Dept), Vinogradska 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;2. Medical Faculty Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 10/E, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;3. Clinical Hospital “Sisters of Mercy” Zagreb, Vinogradska 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;4. SUVAG Polyclinic Zagreb, Lj. Posavskog 10, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;5. Clinical Hospital Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;6. School of Medicine University of Zagreb |
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| Abstract: | Dogs are the main host of Leishmania infantum, and the clinical presentation may range from asymptomatic to systemic manifestations. The immune mechanisms in infected, but clinically healthy dogs, prevails Th1 response mediated by cytokines. In this sense, adenosine deaminase (ADA) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) are considered as key enzymes in several physiological processes, including the modulation of inflammatory process. Considering the variable immune response against Leishmania and the known participation of ADA and BChE, the aim of this study was to assess the relation between these two enzymes with the inflammatory response as well as hepatic function in dogs naturally infected with L. infantum. For this purpose, the activity of ADA and BChE was assessed in sera of 24 dogs naturally infected with L. infantum, plus 17 healthy dogs. The naturally infected dogs had clinical signs compatible with leishmaniasis and sera activities of ADA (P < 0.01) and BChE (P < 0.05) decreased, when compared to the healthy group. The reduction of ADA activity probably represented an effect on inflammatory response, especially due to the decreased hydrolysis of extracellular adenosine, might in order to protect against tissue damage and, also, setting a down-regulation on pro-inflammatory cytokines. BChE enzyme had no effect on modulating the immune response in leishmaniasis, but it decreased, a fact may related to deficiency of synthesis in the liver. Therefore, ADA and BChE activities reduced probably in order to protect against extra tissue damage and due failure in synthesis, respectively. |
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| Keywords: | ADA BChE Cytokines |
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