Host stress physiology and Trypanosoma haemoparasite infection influence innate immunity in the woylie (Bettongia penicillata) |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Murdoch University, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, 90 South Street, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia;2. Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia;3. Charles Sturt University, School of Animal and Veterinary Science, Boorooma Street, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia;1. Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 043 53 Košice, Slovak Republic;2. Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia;3. Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 11 Bratislava, Slovak Republic;1. Département de biologie, and Centre d’études Nordiques, Université Laval, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada;2. Reproductive Physiology, Toronto Zoo, 361A Old Finch Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M1B 5K7, Canada;3. Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta T2N 4Z6, Canada;4. Calgary Zoo, Alberta T2E 7V6, Canada;1. Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC), c/ Americo Vespucio s/n, 41092 Sevilla, Spain;2. Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str. 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany;1. School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, South Street, Western Australia 6150, Australia;1. Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, 6150, Australia;2. School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Camperdown, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia;3. College of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, 6150, Australia;4. Elanco Animal Health, Macquarie Park, New South Wales, 2113, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Understanding immune function is critical to conserving wildlife in view of infectious disease threats, particularly in threatened species vulnerable to stress, immunocompromise and infection. However, few studies examine stress, immune function and infection in wildlife. We used a flow cytometry protocol developed for human infants to assess phagocytosis, a key component of innate immunity, in a critically endangered marsupial, the woylie (Bettongia penicillata). The effects of stress physiology and Trypanosoma infection on phagocytosis were investigated. Blood and faecal samples were collected from woylies in a captive facility over three months. Trypanosoma status was determined using PCR. Faecal cortisol metabolites (FCM) were quantified by enzyme-immunoassay. Mean phagocytosis measured was >90%. An interaction between sex and FCM influenced the percentage of phagocytosing leukocytes, possibly reflecting the influence of sex hormones and glucocorticoids. An interaction between Trypanosoma status and FCM influenced phagocytosis index, suggesting that stress physiology and infection status influence innate immunity. |
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| Keywords: | Immunity Infection Parasite Phagocytosis Stress Wildlife Woylie |
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