Non-targeted insecticidal stress on the Neotropical brown stink bug Euschistus heros |
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| Institution: | 1. East Malling Research, New Road, East Malling, Kent ME19 6BJ, UK;2. Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK;1. Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China;2. Department of Pesticide Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;3. Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;1. Department of Entomology and Acarology, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua dias 11, Piracicaba, São Paulo 13418-900, Brazil;2. Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Roraima Avenue 1000, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil;3. Department of Plant Health, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Capão do Leão, Rio Grande do Sul 96010-970, Brazil;1. Department of Entomology, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA;2. Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, IFAS SWFREC, Immokalee, FL, USA;3. Monsanto Company, St. Louis, MO, USA;4. Dean Lee Research Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Alexandria, LA, USA;1. Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, 82786 Sohag, Egypt;2. Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil;3. Departamento de Fitotecnia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil;4. Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 75704-020 Catalão, Goiás State, Brazil;5. Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900 Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil;1. Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;2. INRA (French National Institute for Agricultural Research), Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254 Institute Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis 06903, France;3. Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Lethal and sublethal insecticide effects on non-targeted pest species are frequently neglected but have potential consequences for pest management and secondary pest outbreaks. Here, the lethal and demographic effects of four soybean insecticides (chlorantraniliprole, deltamethrin, pyriproxyfen, and spinosad, which are used against caterpillars, whiteflies, and green stink bugs) on the brown stink bug Euschistus heros (F.), the main stink bug species currently attacking Neotropical soybean fields, were assessed. Deltamethrin exhibited drastic acute mortality in adult females of E. heros with a median lethal time (LT50) of 0.6 days, whereas pyriproxyfen treated females exhibited a survival similar to that of water-treated insects (LT50 of 89 and 67 days, respectively). Chlorantraniliprole and spinosad-treated females exhibited intermediate survival with a TL50 of 54 and 47 days, respectively. Further scrutiny of the three most selective insecticides (i.e., chlorantraniliprole, pyriproxyfen, and spinosad) using age-structured matrices to assess the demographic impact of these compounds under earlier exposure indicated that both pyriproxyfen and spinosad significantly reduced the population growth of the pest species by compromising the survival of eggs (<17% hatching) and 1st nymphs (LT50 of 3 and 2 days, respectively) and fertility; these results were unlike those obtained for chlorantraniliprole- and water-treated controls, which exhibited less than 50% mortality during development. However, chlorantraniliprole significantly compromised the fertility of adult insects (>50% reduction compared with water-treated insects) to a greater extent than pyriproxyfen and spinosad, but without impairing insect population growth as much. Therefore, although pyriproxyfen and spinosad, besides deltamethrin, are not used to target the Neotropical brown stink bug, these insecticides adversely affected this pest species at the dose recommended for application on the label, thereby preventing its outbreak under such conditions. |
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| Keywords: | Non-target effects Secondary pest outbreaks Median lethal time Insecticide selectivity Soybean stink bug |
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