啤酒废水灌溉对土壤微生物区系的影响

为合理利用啤酒废水进行农田灌溉提供依据。采用泰安市啤酒厂经简单处理的啤酒废水,以清污水比10∶1、5∶1、2∶1、1∶1、1∶21、∶5和1∶10分别灌溉盆栽小麦和玉米,对土壤中各种菌类微生物数量的变化情况进行研究。啤酒废水灌溉盆栽小麦和玉米对土壤微生物数量影响明显。随着污水浓度的不断增大,细菌、放线菌、好气性纤维素分解菌、硝酸菌、亚硝酸菌、自生固氮菌等的数量均呈现先增加后减少的变化规律。污水浓度过大,会刺激土壤中真菌、氨化细菌、反硝化细菌及一些厌气性菌的繁殖。当废水浓度适当时,污水中的营养成分可以为微生物所用,刺激其活性。综合考虑各种微生物对作物的不同影响,啤酒废水灌溉浓度清污水比以控制在2∶1~1∶2为最佳,污水浓度过高反而不利于植物生长。

Influence of Brewery Wastewater Irrigation on Soil Microflora

The study aimed to provide basis for field irrigation with brewery wastewater rationally.The simply processed brewery wastewater from Brewery of Taian City was used to irrigate potted wheat and corns with ratio of water to swage at 10∶1,5∶1,2∶1,1∶1,1∶2,1∶5 and 1∶10.The quantity variations of various bacterial microbial in soil were studied.The influence of irrigating potted wheat and corns with brewery wastewater on soil microbial quantity was obvious.Along with the wastewater concentration increasing continuously,the quantities of bacteria,actionomycetes,aerobic cellulose-decomposing bacteria,nitric acid bacteria,nitrous acid bacteria,free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria,etc.all presented the law of first increasing and then decreasing.If the wastewater concentration was too high,it would stimulate fungus,aminate bacteria,denitrifying bacteria and some anaerobic bacteria to propagate.When the sewage concentration was suitable,the nutrient components in sewage could be used by microbial and stimulated their activities.Considering the different influences of various microbial on crops comprehensively,it was best to control the irrigation concentration of brewery wastewater with the optimum ratio of water to sewage of 2∶1～1∶2 and the higher sewage concentration would be disadvantageous to plant growth.