墨西哥柏木精油组成分析及化学特征成分筛选

以墨西哥柏鲜叶为原料,采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取柏木精油。使用气相色谱 质谱联用仪对精油化学组成进行分析鉴定,通过归类比较,以化学成分的相对含量为依据,筛选出组成独特的植株,将墨西哥柏划分为柠檬型、石竹烯型、蒎烯型、衣兰型、桧烯型、香紫苏型等6种类型。6种不同化学类型的精油共鉴定出37种化学成分,共有的成分为7种,包括α 蒎烯、桧烯、柠檬烯、β 石竹烯等。其中柠檬型共鉴定出27种化学成分,柠檬烯的含量为41.6%;石竹烯型共鉴定出19种成分,β 石竹烯的含量为27.9%;蒎烯型共鉴定出28种化学组成,α 蒎烯的含量为42.7%;衣兰型共鉴定出21种成分,顺式衣兰油 4(15),5 二烯的含量为32.0%;桧烯型共鉴定出23种化学组成,桧烯的含量为23.5%;香紫苏型共鉴定出28种成分,香紫苏醇的含量为14.2%。通过对精油成分进行分析鉴定,对组成特殊的墨西哥柏进行筛选,选出成分特殊的优良品种,可以有目的地对墨西哥柏木品种进行培育种植,为墨西哥柏木的选种育林提供科学依据。

Composition of essential oil from Cupressus lusitanice and its screened chemical characteristics

Cupressus lusitanice essential oil is an important natural perfume,which has a soft aucklandia smell and implies a light sandalwood smell.It is mainly used in cosmetics and soap essence.The Cupressus funebris essential oil is fresh and slightly scented with sesame oil.It can not only soothe and balance mental emotions,but also stimulate spiritual production.At the same time,it is helpful to clean the respiratory system with excessive mucus secretion and to treat mucositis.The Cupressus lusitanice essential oil can be used for treating urinary system infection and bladder and kidney disorders,improving oily skin and cleaning dandruff.Cupressus lusitanice is an excellent fast-growing tree species with high ornamental value because of its drought and barren resistance,strong disease and pest resistance,and fast growth rate.In this paper,fresh leaves of Cupressus lusitanice were used as raw materials,and the cypress essential oil was extracted by the steam distillation.The chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed and identified by the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Through the classification and comparison,plants with the unique composition were selected based on the relative content of chemical components.The Cupressus lusitanice can be divided into six types,i.e.,lemon type,caryophyllen type,pinene type,ylang oleyl type,terpene type and scented sage type.A total of 37 chemical components were identified from 6 different chemical types of essential oils,and the common components were 7 types,includingα-pinene,sabinene,limonene,β-caryophyllene,etc.Among them,27 types of chemical components were identified in the lemon type,and the content of limonene was 41.6%;19 types of components were identified in the caryophyllene type,and the content ofβ-caryophyllin was 27.8%;28 types of chemical components were identified in the pinene type,and the content ofα-pinene was 42.7%;yaralene type identified 21 components,cis-muurola-4(15),5-diene content of 32.0%;terpene type identified 23 chemical composition,the content of terpene was 23.5%;28 types of sclareol type were identified,and the content of sclareol was 14.2%.Through the analysis and identification of the essential oil components,the Cupressus lusitanice with a special composition,and the selection of excellent varieties with a special composition were screened.The selection of valuable chemical components with high content provided a scientific basis for the further experimental research and was also of great significance for the selection and cultivation of Mexican cypress.The Cupressus lusitanice species can be cultivated and bred purposefully,providing scientific basis for the selection and breeding of Cupressus lusitanice.