活性污泥除氨微生物筛选及其对氮素转化的影响

为了减轻城市活性污泥NH3释放对环境的污染,采用逐级驯化的方法从不同样品中分离得到效果好的除氨菌株A1、A2和B1,使活性污泥NH3释放量较对照分别降低了56.73%、31.67%和32.43%。将不同菌株复配,其中A1+A2和A1+B1菌株组合NH3释放量最低,较对照降低了67.03%和62.74%;活性污泥中前者全氮、有机氮、铵态氮较对照分别提高了23.36%、23.31%和36%,后者提高了23.18%、23.01%和32%;两者的硝态氮分别增加了1.18倍和1.11倍。表明除氨菌可有效控制NH4+-N转化为NH3,对NH4+-N有固定作用,并且有利于向NO3--N和有机氮转化,从而减少了NH3挥发所造成的氮素损失。

Screening of active sludge ammonia removal microorganism and its effects on nitrogen transformation

To alleviate the pollution of NH3 emission of active sludge on the environment,strains of ammonia removal A1,A2 and B1 were isolated from samples by using gradually acclimated ammonia.They could decrease NH3 emission of activated sludge by 56.73%,31.67% and 32.43% compared with the control group.Composited strains of A1+A2 and A1+B1 performed a good effect,decreased NH3 emission by 67.03% and 62.74%,A1+A2 increased total nitrogen,organic nitrogen and NH4+-N by 23.36%,23.31% and 36%,A1+B1 raised total nitrogen,organic nitrogen and NH4+-N in activatel sludge by 23.18%,23.01% and 32%,A1+A2 and A1+B1 increased NO3--N by 1.18 and 1.11 times,respectively.It showed that bacteria of ammonia removal controled NH4+-N transformed into NH3,fixed NH4+-N,and decreased the nitrogen loss caused by NH3 emission,and made NH4+-N favorable to transform into NO3--N and organic nitrogen.