引申义语义关联的建立机制及其影响——以人体名词为例

认知思维方式隐喻和转喻深刻影响着词义的演变发展。通过分析人体名词的引申义可以看出,隐喻和转喻在词义发展过程中起到替代、推导和建构等多种作用。在这些作用下,人体名词词义赖以扩展的形貌]位置]功能]三种特征以不同的方式发生意义的扩展和递变,形成了8种常见的语义关联。这为进一步考察两种思维在词义演变中的作用范围、归纳人体名词词义演变模式奠定了基础。从更深层面来看,隐喻和转喻建立语义关联的事实在词义系统中作用重大,影响着词义扩展的套路、词义的倾向,实现了对词义系统的统摄。

The Establishment Mechanism about the Semantic Correlation of Extended Meanings and Its Influence:A Case Study of Chinese Body Nouns

The cognitive thinking methods-metaphor and metonymy-deeply influenced on the senses development.Through analysis of extended meanings of Chinese body nouns,it was found that metaphor and metonymy function as substitution,derivation and construction in the process of lexical meaning extension.By the action of metaphor and metonymy,three features-pattern,position and function of Chinese body nouns meanings have extended and transmuted in different ways.It finally establishes eight methods of semantic correlation.It will help us further reveal the range of action of metaphor and metonymy and conclude the modes of the senses development of Chinese body nouns.Investigation from deep layer shows that metaphor and metonymy even have important functions in semantic system,which help to establish the methods of semantic correlation and deeply influenced on the forms of lexical meaning extension and the semantic tendency.